Leaders and Strategies of the Civil War

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Leaders and Strategies of the Civil War
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Strengths of the North

• Greater population
• 85 of nations factories
• Double the railroad mileage
• Almost all naval power and shipyards

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Weaknesses of the North

• Poor leaders
• Fought in unfamiliar territory
• Had to conquer large land area

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Strengths of the South

• Excellent military leaders
• Had skills like hunting and riding made good
  soldiers
• Defending their homeland
• Familiar with the land

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Weaknesses of the South

• Few factories had to buy manufactured goods
• Few railroads
• Small population

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Northern StrategyAnaconda Plan

• Blockade southern ports
• Seize control of the Mississippi River and split
  the Confederacy in two
• Seize Richmond, Virginia and the Confederate
  government

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Southern Strategy

• Fight a defensive war against the Union
• The Northerners would grow tired of the war and
  pressure Lincoln to give up
• Get money and supplies from England and other
  European countries

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Abraham Lincoln

• At first, lacked experience in national politics
  or military matters
• Learned quickly
• Patient
• Good sense of humor
• Became a strong leader and fine war planner

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Jefferson Davis

• Experienced in military matters
• Respected for honesty and courage
• Did not like to delegate authority
• Did not listen to advisors

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General Robert E. Lee

• Commander of Confederate Army
• From Virginia
• Asked by Lincoln to command the Union Army
• Disliked slavery
• Opposed secession
• Still decided to side with the Confederacy

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General Ulysses S. Grant

• Union officer
• Successful in the west gaining control of the
  Mississippi River
• Battle of Shiloh
• Siege of Vicksburg
• Chosen by Lincoln to lead Army of the Potomac in
  1864
• Elected President in 1869

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General George McClellan

• Union officer
• Appointed commander of the Army of the Potomac
  after Battle of Bull Run
• Good organizer - trained troops
• Too cautious - missed many opportunities to win
  battles early in the war

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General Stonewall Jackson

• Confederate officer
• Led troops in Battle of Bull Run
• Held the line like a stone wall
• Killed accidentally by one of his own men at
  Chancellorsville, VA
• Robert E. Lee I have lost my right arm

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General Ambrose Burnside

• Union officer
• Replaced McClellan as commander of Army of the
  Potomac
• Defeated by Confederates under Lee at
  Fredericksburg, VA
• One of the Unions worst defeats

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General Fighting Joe Hooker

• Union officer
• Replaced Burnside as commander of Army of the
  Potomac
• Defeated at Chancellorsville by Confederates
  under Lee and Stonewall Jackson
• Jackson killed

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General George G. Meade

• Union officer
• Replaced Hooker as commander of Army of the
  Potomac
• General at Gettysburg
• Defeated Confederates commanded by General Robert
  E. Lee
• The bloodiest battle in the Civil War

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General Philip Sheridan

• Union officer
• Total war
• Destroyed anything that could be useful to the
  enemy
• Marched through the Shenandoah Valley killing
  livestock and destroying farms

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General William Tecumseh Sherman

• Union officer
• Total war
• Burned Atlanta
• March to the Sea
• Destroyed everything in his path
• Brought great hardship to civilians