KXTD500 Technical Review - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 99
About This Presentation
Title:

KXTD500 Technical Review

Description:

12 Free Slots (FS1-FS12) are available in the Basic Shelf and can be carded with ... call progress tones, including dial tone, busy tone, reorder and ringback tones ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:157
Avg rating:1.0/5.0
Slides: 100
Provided by: chris92
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: KXTD500 Technical Review


1
KX-TD500 Technical Review
2
Table of Contents
  • Introduction 1-7
  • KX-TD500 Basic and Expansion Shelf 8-16
  • TD500 Cards 17
  • CPU Card KX-TD50101 18-21
  • TSW Card KX-TD50102 22-26
  • New KX-TD500 Cards 27-33
  • Other Cards Supported 34-53
  • System Construction 54-58
  • System Configuration 59-62
  • System Startup 63-65
  • Hardware Addressing 66-
  • Maintenance Console Software 80-90

3
Table of Contents
  • Activity Three 91
  • Activity Four 92-98
  • Activity Five 99
  • Activity Six 100
  • Activity Seven 101-102
  • T1 103-122
  • Activity Eight 123-128
  • Activity Nine 129

4
KX-TD500
5
KX-TD500Digital Super Hybrid
  • This TD-based system will offer a smooth upgrade
    path for 2-cabinet TD1232 users as well as a
    starter system for the medium-sized businesses or
    high-end residential users

6
KX-TD500Digital Super Hybrid
  • The system will provide the TD dealers with a
    larger system size, but offer a similar
    programming and user interface as currently
    offered by the TD308/816/1232.
  • The major differences between the existing TD
    line of systems and the KX-TD500 includes a new
    Windows-based programming tool, and the universal
    slot design.

7
KX-TD500 System Outline
  • The KX-TD500 consists of a basic shelf and up to
    two expansion shelves.
  • The systems features a universal slot design
    enabling station, CO, and other function cards to
    be installed into free slots in the cabinets.

8
Basic ShelfKX-TD500
  • The Basic Shelf is the initial building-block of
    the KX-TD500 system allowing a single-cabinet
    system to be configured with up to a maximum of
    192 ports.
  • The Basic Shelf then provides the foundation on
    which the system can be expanded by use of
    expansion shelves to configure a system up a
    maximum of 512 ports.

9
Basic ShelfKX-TD500
  • The Basic Shelf houses the systems common
    control cards including the Central Processing
    Unit (CPU) card and the Time Switch (TSW) card.
  • Only the TSW card is included with the Basic
    Shelf which includes the DOHCA and TSW-CONF cards
  • The CPU card is available separately.

10
Basic ShelfKX-TD500
  • 12 Free Slots (FS1-FS12) are available in the
    Basic Shelf and can be carded with CO, station,
    or other function cards as required by the
    installations application.
  • If the installation location requires more than
    the 12 slot configuration supports, the system
    can be expanded by attaching 2 additional
    Expansion Shelves to the upper portion of the
    Basic Shelf

11
Basic Shelf Includes
  • Top panel with 3 LED indicators (Run, Offline,
    Alarm)
  • 2 Female RS-232C connectors
  • One for Programming
  • One for SMDR
  • An AC Power connector

12
Basic Shelf Includes
  • Primary AC Power Supply with
  • Main Power Switch
  • Grounding Terminal
  • AC outputs for Expansion Shelves
  • Shelf Power Supply with
  • Power Switch
  • Power LED Indicator
  • Fuse
  • KX-A46 interface connector

13
Basic Shelf Includes
  • Shelf Cooling Fan
  • SLT Ring Generator
  • Mounting Brackets
  • Side Panels
  • Lower Panel
  • Front Door with Lock

14
Expansion ShelfKX-TD520
  • The KX-TD520 Expansion Shelf can be installed
    onto the Basic Shelf adding on a maximum of 216
    additional ports. This provides a two-cabinet
    system with a maximum configuration of 408 ports.
  • A second Expansion Shelf could then be added
    bring the system up to its maximum port
    configuration of 512 ports.

15
Expansion Shelves Include
  • 14 Free Slots (FS1-FS14)
  • A Shelf Power Supply with
  • Power Switch
  • Power LED Indicator
  • Fuse
  • KX-A46 Interface Connector
  • Shelf Cooling Fan
  • SLT Ring Generator

16
Expansion Shelves Include
  • Side Panels
  • Front Door with Lock
  • Data and Power Connecting Cables
  • Mounting Hardware

17
TD500 Cards
  • Basic Cards
  • Basic Slot 1 CPU Card, purchased from parts
  • Basic Slot 2 TSW Card, Factory Installed
  • Extension Cards
  • Trunk Cards
  • Resource Cards
  • Other Cards

18
KX-TD50101 CPU Card
  • 386-based Main Central Processing Unit Card
    residing in the Basic Shelf
  • This card provides control and call processing
    data for all system functions including TSW
    control, power down and system clock alarms
  • Main components include 80386 CPU, RAM, ROM,
    memory backup lithium battery

19
KX-TD50101 CPU Card
  • CPU card also includes circuitry for the RS-232C
    connectors
  • System and Mode switches are 10 position
    rotary switches located on the front edge of the
    CPU card along with the push reset switch.
  • The System switch is not used in the US
    version.

20
KX-TD50101 CPU Card
  • The Mode switch is used to determine the
    startup condition of the system. Although it is a
    10 position switch, only 4 position are utilized
    for normal operations.

21
KX-TD50101 CPU Card
  • Mode switch positions are
  • Position 1 On-line while holding current data
  • Position 0,2,3,9 On-line Same function as 1
  • Position 4 Off-line holding current data
  • Position 5 Off-line while defaulting system
  • Position 6 ON-LINE with backdoor password
  • Position 7 Off-line factory finished product
    testing
  • Position 8 Off-line factory finished product
    testing

22
KX-TD50102 TSW Card
  • The Time Switch (TSW) card provides the systems
    voice switching matrix including 72 3- party
    conferencing circuits
  • The TSW card generates all audible call progress
    tones, including dial tone, busy tone, reorder
    and ringback tones

23
KX-TD50102 TSW Card
  • The TSW card also provides an interface for 2
    Music on Hold inputs (9/64 mini-plug) and 2
    External Paging output jacks (RCA plugs) with
    volume adjustments
  • Two daughter boards are attached to the TSW card
  • KX-TD50104
  • KX-TD50105

24
TSW Cards
  • The KX-TD50104 TSW-CONF Expansion Card adds an
    additional 64 3-party conference circuit to the
    basic 8 provided by the TSW card
  • The KX-TD50105 DOHCA card allows for OHCA for
    Digital Proprietary station cards
  • Both of these cards play an important role in
    Digital Voice Mail integration

25
TSW Card
  • The KX-TD50104 TSW-CONF card provides 3-party
    conferencing capability. This includes the three
    DPITS integration features Two-way Record,
    Two-way Transfer, and Live Call Screening.
  • Each of these features requires the use of
    conference circuit

26
TSW Card
  • The KX-TD50105 DOHCA card provides for DPT OHCA
    by providing TSW circuitry to support the second
    B channel for DPT telephones and DPITS
    integrated voice mail ports
  • The KX-TD50105 DOHCA card must be installed for
    DPITS voice mail integration to work

27
New KX-TD500 Cards include
  • These cards will only operate in a KX-TD500
  • KX-TD50170-Digital Hybrid Line Card (DHLC)
  • KX-TD50172-Digital Line Card (DLC)
  • KX-TD50175-Enhanced Single Line Card (ESLC)
  • KX-TD50180-Enhanced Loop Central Office Trunk
    (ELCOT)
  • KX-TD50197-Enhanced Remote Card (ERMT)

28
KX-TD50170Digital Hybrid Line Card
  • The DHLC supports 8 analog proprietary telephones
    or 8 digital proprietary and 8 SLT telephones
    (XDP or parallel)
  • This card supports 7000 and 7400 series
    telephones as well as SLTs
  • See right side of page 2-41 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

29
KX-TD50170Digital Hybrid Line Card
  • OHCA using the KX-T7436/7130 is supported without
    any additional cards installed on the station
    card. (The KX-TD50105 card must be installed on
    the TSW card for OCHA to the KX-T7436)

30
KX-TD50172Digital Line Card
  • The DLC supports 16 digital proprietary
    telephones (7400 series) and DSS consoles
  • No SLTs are will operate on this card
  • See right side of page 2-44 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

31
KX-TD50175Enhanced Single Line Card
  • The ESLC supports 16 single line telephones with
    Message Waiting Lamp compatibility
  • No proprietary telephones will operate on this
    card
  • ESLC has 4 DTMF receivers
  • See right side of page 2-42 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

32
KX-TD50180Enhanced Loop CO Trunk
  • The ELCOT card supports 8 Loop Start Central
    Office lines
  • When two optional KX-TD193 Caller ID cards are
    installed, Central Office Caller ID is provided
    to proprietary display telephones
  • See page 2-55 in Installation Manual for block
    wiring

33
KX-TD50197Enhanced Remote Card
  • The ERMT card is a modem card (V.34) used for
    remote administration.

34
Other Cards Supported by the KX-TD500
  • The following cards were previously supported by
    the KX-T336, and in the case of the KX-TD193, the
    KX-TD816/1232, and provide the same functions and
    capabilities.
  • Refer to KX-TD500 optional card compatibility
    chart for more information

35
Other Cards Supported by the KX-TD500
  • KX-T96170 - 8 Station Hybrid Line Card (HLC)
  • KX-T96172 - 8 Station Proprietary Line Card (PLC)
  • KX-T96174 - 8 Station Single Line Card (SLC)
  • KX-T96175 - 8 Station Single Line Card with
    Message Waiting Lamp compatibility (SLCM)
  • KX-T96180 - 8 Loop Start Central Office Trunk
    card (LCOT)
  • KX-T96181 - 8 Ground Start Central Office Trunk
    card (GCOT)

36
Other Cards Supported by the KX-TD500
  • KX-T96182 - 4 DID Trunk card (DID)
  • KX-T96185 - 4 Station Off-Premise extension card
    (OPX)
  • KX-T96186 - Off Premise Extension Power Unit
  • KX-T96187 - T1 card (T1)
  • KX-T96161 - Doorphone card (DPH)
  • KX-T96191 - DISA card (DISA)
  • KX-T96193 - Automatic Gain Control card (AGC)

37
Other Cards Supported by the KX-TD500
  • KX-T96196 - 1200 bps Remote card (RMT)
  • KX-T96136 - OHCA card for HLC and PLC cards
    (OHCA)
  • KX-TD193 - Caller ID card for ELCOT card (CID)

38
KX-T96170
  • Hybrid Line Card (HLC)
  • Each card provides 8 Hybrid extension ports
  • Either a Analog Proprietary Telephones (7000
    series) or a single line telephones can be
    connected to this card
  • See right side of page 2-41 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

39
KX-T96172
  • Proprietary Line Card (PLC)
  • Each card provides 8 proprietary extension ports
  • Only Analog Proprietary Telephones (7000 Series)
    can be connected to this card
  • See right side of page 2-41 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

40
KX-T96174
  • Single Line Telephone card (SLC)
  • Each card provides 8 single line extension ports
  • Only single line telephones can be connected to
    this card
  • See right side of page 2-41 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

41
KX-T96175
  • Single Line Card with Message Waiting (SLC-M)
  • Each card supports 8 single line extensions with
    Message Waiting lamps
  • See right side of page 2-41 in Installation
    Manual for block wiring

42
KX-T96180
  • Loop Start Central Office Card (LCOT)
  • Each card allows 8 Loop Start Central Office
    lines to be connected to the system
  • See page 2-55 in Installation Manual for block
    wiring

43
KX-T96181
  • Ground Start Central Office Card (GCOT)
  • Each card allows 8 Ground Start Central Office
    lines to be connected to the system
  • See page 2-55 in Installation Manual for block
    wiring

44
KX-T96182
  • Direct Inward Dialing Trunk Card (DID)
  • Each card allows 4 DID Central Office lines to be
    connected to the system
  • This card will accept pulse signaling only
  • System interface is modular (RJ-11C)

45
KX-T96185 and KX-T96186
  • KX-T96185--Off Premise EXtension Card (OPX)
  • KX-T96186--Off Premise Extension Power Supply
  • An OPX card and Power Supply provides 4 OPX
    single line telephones only
  • Both OPX units are required when a single line
    telephone must be placed in another building or
    location
  • System interface is modular (RJ-11C)

46
KX-T96187
  • T-1 Card
  • Up to 8 T1 cards can be installed in the KX-TD500
  • Frame Formats D4/SF or ESF
  • Line Coding AMI or B8ZS
  • Channel Types LCO/GCO/DID/OPX/TIE
  • System interface is RJ-48C (See page 2-53 in
    Installation Manual for cable configuration)

47
KX-T96187
  • The T1 card can only be installed in slots 1 (2),
    5 (6), and 9 (10).
  • The slot immediately adjacent to the right of
    each T1 card must be left empty as indicated
    above by the slot number that are parenthesized.

48
KX-T96161
  • Doorphone card
  • Provides 4 Doorphones and 4 dry contact relays
  • 2 card per system

49
KX-T96191
  • Direct Inward Station Access card (DISA)
  • Each DISA card can be programmed to provide one
    of three functions.
  • Basic 4 port automated attendant or
  • Outgoing Message for Uniform Call Distribution
  • Timed Reminder OGM
  • 8 DISA cards can be installed in the system

50
KX-T96193
  • Automatic Gain Control card (AGC)
  • Each card provides 4 gain controlled CO to CO
    conference circuits
  • 8 AGC cards can be installed in the system

51
KX-T96196
  • Remote Administration card
  • Allows remote system administration at 1200 baud
  • 1 Remote card can be installed in the system

52
KX-T96136
  • KX-T96136 -- Off Hook Call Announce card
  • 1 KX-T96136 card must be installed for every 2
    KX-T7130 telephones that require OHCA
  • A maximum of 4 KX-T96136 connects to either the
    PLC or HLC cards

53
KX-TD193Caller ID Card
  • 1 KX-TD193 will support 4 Caller ID compatible
    Central Office Lines connected to the KX-TD50180
    card (ELCOT). For all eight lines to support
    Caller ID, a second KX-TD193 must be installed.
  • The KX-TD193 supports both Single and
    Multi-Message formats

54
System Construction Maximum Configuration
  • Although the systems model number is the
    KX-TD500, the actual maximum system configuration
    can be 512 ports.
  • This port configuration cannot be exceeded.

55
System ConstructionMaximum Configuration
  • Things to remember about system configuration
  • 512 ports/system is the maximum allowed
  • 448 extensions/system is the maximum allowed
  • 192 CO Lines/system is the maximum allowed
  • 216 PT, SLT, CO ports/expansion shelf
  • 192 PT and SLT ext./shelf is the max. allowed
  • 128 PT/Shelf is the maximum allowed
  • 160 SLT/Shelf is the maximum allowed

56
System ConstructionBasic Shelf
  • Review Installation Manual
  • Page 1-4 (see handout)
  • Basic System
  • 192 Lines (Ports)
  • Basic Shelf
  • 14 Card Slots
  • 2 Basic Slots
  • 12 Free Slots

57
System Construction Expansion Shelf
  • Review Installation Manual
  • Pages 1-5 (see handout)
  • System Expansion
  • Two Expansion Shelves Maximum
  • 14 Free Slots per Expansion Shelf
  • 216 Lines (Ports) Maximum per Expansion Shelf

58
System ConstructionInstallation Manual
  • Review Installation Manual
  • Pages 1-7, 1-8 and 2-36/39 (see handout)
  • Review number of ports per shelf / system
  • Review number of particular ports per shelf
  • 8 Doorphones and 64 DSS Consoles per sys
  • Review Ports per particular Card
  • Review Ports per Special Cards
  • Review types of devices per Card

59
System Configuration Example 1
Final system configuration of (48) CO lines and
(448) extensions (320 DPT (128) SLT) (496)
Total
60
System Configuration Example 1
  • 41 - 48 CO 6 LCOT (ELCOT)
  • 305 - 320 DPT 20 DLC
  • 113 - 128 SLT 8 ESLC
  • 34 out of 40 Free Slots used
  • 496 out of 512 ports used (16 avail.)
  • XDP, Parallel Telephones or APT require DHLC

61
System Configuration Example 2
Final system configuration of 192 T1 channels and
256 DPT extensions 448 Total
62
System Configuration Example 2
  • 169 - 192 T1 Channels 8 T1
  • 241 - 256 DPT 16 DLC
  • 32 out of 40 Free Slots used
  • 448 out of 512 ports used (64 avail.)

63
TD500 Upgrade from a Duel Cabinet TD1232
  • Assignable Features to Button Differences
  • 4 digit Extension Numbers
  • Parallel / XDP requires DHLC
  • 2 External Paging Zones
  • 100 Call Park Zones
  • PC Programming of Station Telephone Settings

64
System Startup Procedure
  • System startup or initialization must be executed
    for every system
  • The purpose of this procedure is to default the
    system and to automatically assign installed
    hardware into their respective positions
  • This procedure is accomplished using rotary
    switch labeled Mode on the CPU card

65
System Startup Procedure
  • Mode switch positions are
  • Position 1 On-line while holding current data
  • Position 0,2,3,9 On-line Same function as 1
  • Position 4 Off-line holding current data
  • Position 5 Off-line while defaulting system
  • Position 6 ON-LINE with backdoor password
  • Position 7 Off-line factory finished product
    testing
  • Position 8 Off-line factory finished product
    testing

66
System Startup Procedure
  • Review Installation Manual
  • Page 2-78/80 and 2-79/81
  • Initializing system with default values
  • Mode SW Position 5, reset, then 0, reset
  • Loading system with saved data (Off-line)
  • Mode SW Position 4, reset, then Up-Load,
  • Mode SW position 0, reset

67
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • The KX-TD500, like most other universal free slot
    designed PBXs, utilize a numbering system to
    identify ports, cards, and shelf locations.
  • This is necessary when programming and
    maintaining the system

68
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • Generally hardware address will be either 3 digit
    or 5 digit numbers.
  • Example 10205
  • The first digit (1) indicates the shelf. In this
    example the 1 indicates the Basic Shelf. The
    first expansion shelf would be identified with a
    2 and the second expansion shelf identified with
    a 3

69
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • Example 10205
  • The next two digits (02) indicate the slot
    number. In this example the card is located in
    the Basic Shelf in slot 2. In the Basic Shelf,
    valid entries would be 01-12. In the Expansion
    Shelves, valid entries would be 01-14

70
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • Example 10205
  • The next two digits (05) indicate the port
    number. Port number identifiers will vary based
    on the card type. Some will have up to 16 ports,
    others 8 or less.
  • For example, a DLC is a 16 port card and would
    have valid entries of 01-16.

71
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • Example 10205
  • A DHLC is slightly different. The first 8 port
    identifiers (01-08) are used to identify the 8
    proprietary ports on this card. The second 8 port
    identifiers (09-16) are used to identify the XDP
    ports. For example, port identifier 09 is used to
    program the XDP single line extension for port 01.

72
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • A card with twenty-four port identifiers (01-24)
    is the T1 card
  • Cards with sixteen port identifiers (01-16)
    include DLC, DHLC and ESLC
  • Cards with eight port identifiers (01-08)
    include HLC, PLC, SLC, SLC-M, LCOT, GCOT ELCOT

73
KX-TD500 Hardware Addresses
  • Cards with four port identifiers (01-04) include
    OPX, DID, DISA, AGC DPH
  • Cards that have no port identifier include RMT
    and ERMT

74
Port Status
  • Ports and cards can be in various states of
    service
  • Operational devices are usually In-Service or the
    abbreviation INS
  • Disabled devices are usually Out-of-Service or
    the abbreviation OUS
  • Another state is Fault. This can be caused by
    several things including configuration problems
    as well as hardware failure

75
Port Status
  • The final state of service is called Busy-out.
    This occurs on CO ports that have been placed in
    the Busy-out state by a system administrator.
  • Generally the INS and OUS states are most
    common. Changing from one to another is
    accomplished by using different screens from
    within the KX-TD500 Maintenance Console
    programming tool

76
Port Status
  • Within the Maintenance Console programming tool,
    the state of service can be identified and
    changed by clicking on the Status button. The
    text on the Status button indicates the current
    state, and the state can be toggled from one
    state, for example OUS, to the alternative state,
    in this case INS, by clicking on the Status
    button and then selecting OK.

77
(No Transcript)
78
Port Status
79
(No Transcript)
80
What is T1?
  • T1 is the telephone companies infrastructure
    (copper wire, transmission equipment,) that
    provides a high speed digital telephone circuit
    between two points.
  • T1 circuits operate at a rate of 1.544 Mbps or at
    what is referred to as DS1
  • A DS1 is comprised of 24 64 Kbps channels (DS0)
    plus framing overhead

Certain line code and frame selections can
reduce the available bandwidth from 64 to 56 Kbps
81
T1
  • channels 24
  • bits per word x 8
  • bits 192
  • samples/sec x 8000
  • user data 1,536,000 bps
  • frame bits 8000
  • line speed 1,544,000 bps

82
Digital Trunking
T1 demarc at customer premise
T1 Channel Service Unit
TD500 equipped with KX-TD97187
83
T1 Channel Service Unit
  • A T1 Channel Service Unit (CSU) is required for
    each T1 line that is to be connected to the
    KX-TD500
  • For a basic TD500 T1 installation, only a CSU is
    required.
  • CSUs come in a variety of configurations based
    on the application and prices will vary.

84
T1 Channel Service Unit
  • CSU Functions
  • It is the first piece of Customer Premise
    Equipment (CPE) after Telcos demarcation point.
  • Provides a 100 O circuit termination
  • Provides FCC Part-68 protection
  • Initiates and facilitates loopback testing
  • Monitors line for errors and violations
  • Maintain 0s and 1s density
  • Supports Line Coding and Framing requirements

85
Adtran ESF T1 CSU ACE
  • Full featured T1 CSU suitable for wall or desktop
    use.
  • Front panel LCD and four user keys provides easy
    configuration and unit monitoring
  • Physical Interface RJ-48C
  • Supports D4/SF or ESF
  • Supports AMI or B8ZS

86
What is D4/SF and ESF?
  • Superframe (SF) or D4, and Extended Superframe
    (ESF) are the two frame formats used in North
    America.
  • Frame formats are used for frame synchronization
    and also for line management tasks
  • The KX-TD500 supports either frame formats

87
D4/SF
  • D4 or Superframe was introduced in 1974. The D4
    was derived from the first Telco channel bank
    which utilized this type of frame formatting.
  • D4/SF framing consists of a superframe made up of
    twelve individual frames
  • The twelve framing bits within the superframe
    follow a pattern of 100011011100

88
D4/SF Superframe
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
Word
Frame 2 framing bit
89
D4/SF
  • D4 or SF framing uses an in-band call control
    method called bit robbing which robs the least
    significant bit from each of the 24 channels
    within the 6th and 12th frame.
  • This call control information is used for dialing
    and other line maintenance functions.
  • This frame format restricts the channel bandwidth
    to 56 Kbps rather than 64 Kbps and is used most
    often in voice applications.

90
Extended Superframe (ESF)
  • Extended Superframe is the preferred method of
    framing since it utilizes a larger number of
    frames (24 frames) and requires fewer framing
    bits to maintain synchronization
  • Framing bits for frames 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, are set
    to the pattern of 001011 that the far end
    equipment synchronizes on.

91
Extended Superframe (ESF)
  • Since fewer frames require framing bits, the
    excess framing bits for the other frames can be
    used for other functions such as Cyclic
    Redundancy Checks and for an Embedded Operations
    Channel
  • The Embedded Operation Channel is an Out-of-Band
    call control method used for signaling, dialing,
    diagnostics as well as other functions.

92
Extended Superframe
Extended Superframe
F13
F14
F15
C
C
C
C
F
F
F
F
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E Embedded Operations channel bit C Cyclic
Redundancy Check bit F Framing bit
Only 15 of the 24 frames are shown
93
Extended Superframe (ESF)
  • ESF should be used whenever possible since it has
    a more sophisticated diagnostic and maintenance
    capability and allows for a 64 Kbps channel
    bandwidth.

94
What is AMI and B8ZS?
  • Alternate Mark Inversion and Binary 8 Zero
    Substitution are the two Line Coding formats used
    in North America for T1 lines
  • The purpose of Line Coding is to maintains
    synchronization by ensuring that no more than 7
    consecutive 0s are transmitted within a DS0.

95
Signaling Formats
  • Unipolar Signaling
  • Used internally within most DTE equipment such as
    the KX-TD500 and computers
  • Bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion
  • T1 lines utilize this type of signaling format

0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0
5 v 0 v
0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0
3 v 0 v -3v
96
AMI Line Coding
  • AMI get around the 1s density requirement by
    forcing a 1 into the bit stream or what is called
    bit stuffing. The CSU accomplished this task by
    inserting a 1 into the least significant bit
    location.
  • The draw back to this method is that it reduces
    the available user bandwidth to 56 Kbps

97
AMI Line Coding
DTE Sends
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1
5 v O v -5 v
CSU set for AMI sends
98
B8ZS Line Coding
  • Binary 8 Zero Substitution is the most popular
    Line Coding technique used in North America.
  • B8ZS uses a method of inserting a particular bit
    pattern which includes intentional bipolar
    violations to replace a series of 8 0s
  • This is the preferred Line Coding technique since
    it allows for 64 Kbps

99
B8ZS Line Coding
1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
5 v O v -5 v
DTE Sends
Previous Word
1 0 0 0 B 1 0
B 1
5 v O v -5 v
CSU set for B8ZS sends
B Bipoalar Violation
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com