General Pharmacology An Overview

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General PharmacologyAn Overview

• By
• Mueen Ahmed K K
• Govt College of Pharmacy,
• Bangalore
• makky_at_rediffmail.com

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What is Pharmacology ?

• Pharmacology
• Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics
• What body does to drug What drug
  does to body

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Sources of Drugs

• Animals
• Plants
• Minerals
• Synthetic
• Microbes

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Routes of Drug Administration

• Local
• Enteral
• Parenteral
• Inhalation, IV,IM,SC
• Transmucosal Route Sublingual

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PharmacokineticsDrug Movement in Body

• Absorption
• Distribution
• Metabolism
• Excretion

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DRUG
Site of Action
Absorption
DISTRIBUTION
TWO WAY
Metabolism
ONE WAY
Excretion
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Absorption

• Entry of Drug into Body
• Many Factors which
• effects Drug Absorption
• Body

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Factors- Absorption

• Physical Properties of drug
• Nature of Drug
• Physiological Factors
• Diseased state

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Physical Properties - Absorption

• Physical State
• Solubility

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Dosage Forms - Absorption

• Formulation Type
• Particle Size of Drug
• Disintegration Time

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Physiological Factors- Absorption

• PH of GI fluid
• Ionization
• GI Transit Time

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Diseased State - Absorption

• Renal Failure
• Liver Disorders
• Gastric Disorders

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Time to Learn Bioavailability

• Amount of Drug that reaches systemic circulation
  after administration

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Absorption Through GUT

• Passive Diffusion
• Active Diffusion
• Pinocytosis

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DISTRIBUTION

• Step 2 in ADME profile
• Drug from absorption phase to distribution phase
• Blood
• Interstitial Fluids

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Factors - Distribution

• Physicochemical properties of drug
• Protein binding
• Metabolism Rate
• Excretion Rate
• Vd Apparent Volume of Distribution
• Total amount of drug in body
• Concn of drug in plasma at 0 time

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METABOLISM

• Step 3 in ADME profile of a drug
• Major organ LIVER
• Active to Inactive , Inactive to Active
• Liver enzymes 2 phases
• Phase I oxidation, reduction, hydolysis
• Phase II Conjugation
• PRODRUG ?

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EXCRETION

• Last step in ADME profile of a drug.
• Kidney
• Lungs
• Sweat
• Saliva
• Bile

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Presentation Map

• What is pharmacology?
• Divisions in Pharmacology
• ADME
• Absorption Factors, process
• Distribution Factors.
• Metabolism organs involved, steps.
• Excretion organs involved.

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Attend Forthcoming Seminars ABSORPTION OF
DRUGS INTO BODYBy Mueen Ahmed K KGovt
College of Pharmacy, Bangalore INDIAVenue
GCP Seminar Hall Date To be
announced later Queries to makky_at_rediffmail.com
Thanks for Calm Hearing