Sociology: Ch 4 Sec 1 Definitions

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Sociology Ch 4 Sec 1Definitions

• Social Structure
• Building Blocks of Social Structure
• Standards 4.11, 5.13

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Section 1 Vocabulary

• 1. Social Structure Network of interrelated
  statuses and roles that guide human interaction
• 2. Status a socially defined position in a group
  or in society
• 3. Role behavior, right, and obligations
  expected of someone occupying a particular status

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Types of Status

• 4. Ascribed Status assigned status given based
  on qualities that are out of a persons control
  (Black/White)
• 5. Achieved Status Status achieved through own
  direct efforts
• 6. Master Status The status that plays the
  greatest role in shaping a persons life and
  determining his or her social identity.
• Can be ascribed OR achieved (U.S. Mostly
  achieved)
• Ex Occupation, wealth, marital status, and
  parenthoodetc.

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Types of Roles

• 7. Reciprocal Roles corresponding roles that
  define the patterns of interaction between
  related statuses huh? Ok How can you perform
  the role of husband if there is no one there to
  perform the roles of the wife? (other Ex
  Doctor/Patient Sales Clerk/Customer)(Mini play
  dialogue between two people Conversation
  expectations)
• Ex Doctor take a deep breath Patient No
  Now, how does the doctor fulfill his role as
  doctor?

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Role Expectation and Role Performance

• 8. Role Expectations Socially determined
  behaviors expected of a person performing a role
• Ex Police Protect and Serve
• 9. Role Performance ACTUAL role behavior does
  not always match behavior expected by society
• Ex Police brutality, child abuseetc

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Role Conflict and Role Strain

• 9. Role Set Different roles attached to a single
  status Can lead to conflict
• 10. Role Conflict occurs when filling the role
  expectations of one status makes it difficult to
  fulfill the role expectations of another status
• Ex To be a good employee, one has to spend
  extra time at work to be a good parent, one has
  to spend extra time at home Both can NOT occur
  a compromise has to be reached
• 11. Role Strain occurs when an individual has
  difficulty meeting expectations of a single
  status (ex boss boosting morale and production

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Basic Needs of Society

• 12. Social Institution When statuses and roles
  are organized to satisfy one or more needs of
  society
• Needs
• -Provide physical and emotional support to
  members
• -Transmit knowledge
• -Produce goods and services
• -maintain social control

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Sociology Ch 4 Sec 2

• Types of Social Interaction
• Standards 3.2, 3.5

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Exchange Theory

• 13. Exchange Whenever people interact in an
  effort to receive a reward or return for their
  actions
• 14. Reciprocity the idea that if you do
  something for some one, then that person owes
  you something in return (Unwritten rule)
• 15. Exchange Theory People are motivated by
  Self interests in interactions with other
  people
• People do things for rewards
• Behaviors that are rewarded, are usually repeated

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Competition

• 16. Competition Occurs when two or more people
  or groups oppose each other to achieve goal that
  only ONE can attain (winners and losers
  dodgeball debate)
• Very Common in Western societies
• 17. Conflict is the deliberate attempt to
  control a person by force, to oppose someone, or
  to harm another person. (Few rules are often
  ignored)

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4 Sources of Conflict

• Georg Simmel
• 1. Wars
• 2. Disagreements within group
• 3. Legal disputes
• 4. Clashes over ideology
• Sometimes begin as competition
• Read The Argument Culture p. 70

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Cooperation and Accommodation

• 18. Cooperation two or more people or groups
  work together to achieve a goal that will benefit
  more than one person
• 19. Accommodation a state of balance between
  conflict and cooperation
• COMPROMISE We can rarely have everything that we
  want
• Help to ensure social stability
• VOCAB QUIZ