Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

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Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
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Metals

• Location 2/3 of all elements, left of the
  ladder, most active lower left (Fr)
• Lose/gain lose electrons to form positive ions
  (cations)
• Ionization energy (I.E. energy absorbed when
  electrons are lost from a neutral atom in the
  gaseous phase-table S)Low
• Electronegativity (E.N. tendency for an atom to
  attract electrons to itself when it chemically
  combines with other elements-table S)Low
• Electron Affinity (E.A. energy gained when
  electrons are gained by a neutral atom in the
  gaseous phase)Low

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Metals

• Other Properties Luster, Malleability,
  Ductility, High thermal and electrical
  conductivity.
• Physical State and examples Solids except
  mercury (liquid) at room temperature.

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Nonmetals

• Location 1/3 of elements, right of ladder, most
  active upper right (F)
• Lose/gain gain electrons to form negative ions
  (anions)
• I.E. high
• E.N. high
• E.A. high

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Nonmetals

• Other properties Dull, brittle, not ductile,
  not malleable, poor thermal and electrical
  conductors
• Physical state and examples Gases (oxygen,
  nitrogen), molecular solids or network solids at
  room temperature (carbon ) or a liquid (only
  bromine)

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Metalloids (semi-metals)

• Location along the ladder, 7 of them (B, Si,
  Ge, As, Sb, Te, and At) (note Al and Po are
  metals)
• Lose/gain lose, gain or share electrons
  depending upon what it bonds to. Can form either
  positive or negative ions.
• I.E. medium
• E.N. medium
• E.A. medium

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Metalloids

• Other Properties Have some properties of metals
  and others of nonmetals. Generally intermediate
  in luster and conductivity.
• Physical state and examples most are solids (B,
  Sb,Te etc.)