NeXTNASDAITA Oceanic Communications and Surveillance SubProject

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Comments on the Role of Satellite
Communications in Aviation NexSAT Steering
Group Meeting30 October 2003Bob Kerczewski
NASA Glenn Research CenterRKerczewski_at_nasa.gov1
216 433 3434
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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

4
Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003
NASA is performing research and development to
enable 21st century air transportation systems
with greatly increased Throughput,
predictability, flexibility, collaboration,
efficiency, access, safety, security and
environmental protection This research is
performed within 3 NASA Program Offices Airspace
Systems Program (system capacity) Vehicle Systems
Program (vehicle performance) Aviation Safety and
Security Program (safety/security) NASA Glenn
Research Center has on-going CNS research and
development projects under these programs. NASA
Glenn has a long history of satellite
communications research CTS and ACTS experimental
satellite programs are the major flight
demonstration projects Please note that the views
and comments in this presentation do not
represent official positions of NASA, the FAA or
the U. S. Government.
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Advanced Communications for Air Traffic
Management (AC/ATM) FY 98-04

• Objectives
• Identify communications shortfalls in current ATM
  system
• Define advanced communications system
  requirements for AATT ATM concepts
• Demonstrate communications concepts and hardware
• Develop high-risk high-payoff advanced
  communications technologies
• Approach
• Research aeronautical communications requirements
  and new communications system architectures
  through advanced simulation and modeling
• Develop and demonstrate key aeronautical
  communications technologies and system concepts

• Key Milestones
• Communications System Architecture Study for ATM
  and Weather. (TO-24)
• Ground Mobile Satellite Demonstrations
• Validation of Advanced ATM Communications
  Architecture
• Ku Band Satellite Communications Technology
  Demonstration
• 2001 TGIR Award

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Virtual Airspace System Technologies (VAST CNS)
FY 02-07

• Objectives
• Develop requirements for CNS modeling that
  supports evaluation of advanced airspace concepts
• Develop communication, navigation and
  surveillance models for todays system,
  technologies currently being considered within
  the FAAs OEP, and technologies being considered
  for the future
• Approach
• Identify and categorize CNS modeling and
  simulation capabilities and needs
• Identify CNS modeling approach
• Develop and demonstrate standard traffic model
  for assessing CNS model elements and
  architectures
• Integrate CNS modeling activities into Airspace
  Modeling Toolbox

• Key Milestones
• Define CNS analysis approach and identify
  preliminary technical needs
• Demonstrate and evaluate communications traffic
  model
• Develop software specifications

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Airborne Internet (SATS AI) FY 02-06

• Objectives
• To develop a new communications, navigation, and
  surveillance (CNS) system that delivers aviation
  information services in an internet-like manner
  to aircraft and ground facilities as
  interconnected nodes on a high-speed digital
  communications network.
• Approach
• Conduct Airborne Internet architecture and system
  studies
• Develop an Airborne Internet proof-of-concept
  demonstration
• Upgrade the ground station and aircraft systems
  at NASA LaRC to provide an Airborne Internet
  capability for SATS
• Facilitate the creation of the Airborne Internet
  Consortium

• Key Milestones
• SATS Airborne Internet Requirements Study
• Aircraft and ground station Airborne Internet
  upgrades.
• Airborne Internet Consortium
• 2003 TGIR Award

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Advanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies (ACAST) FY 04-09

• Objectives
• Define and validate a globally compatible
  integrated CNS transitional architecture
• Design and test key CNS system/network concepts
• Develop and evaluate key surveillance,
  navigation, communications components
• Approach
• Requirements and Architectures
• Integrated CNS transitional architecture enabling
  the Digital Airspace for global operations
• Research and Technology Development
• Global Air/Ground Aviation Network Technologies
• C, N, S Systems and Components
• System Integrity and Security
• Ensure security, safety and cost performance
• Technology Evaluation/Demonstration
• Evaluate Component and System technology
• Validate ICNS Architecture Concepts

• Key Milestones
• ICNS Transitional Architecture Definition
• Global Air/Ground Aeronautical Network Defined
• Key System Level Designs
• Key Component prototypes
• System Technology Demonstrations
• ICNS Architecture Validation

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Weather Information Communications (WINCOMM) FY
99-05
Aviation Safety and Security

• Objective
• Develop advanced communications and information
  technologies to enable the high quality and
  timely dissemination of strategic weather
  information between the flight deck and ground
  user and tactical turbulence hazard information
  between relevant aircraft.
• Tasks
• Develop and evaluate next generation datalink
  technologies
• Conduct integrated datalink flight demonstration
• Evaluate next generation air-ground and air-air
  technologies
• Flight demonstrate next generation datalink
  technologies for air-air, air-ground, and
  ground-air

• Key Milestones
• Comm Systems Arch Study for Aviation Weather
  Information (TO-24)
• CRAs with ARNAV and Honeywell leading to FAA
  FISDL award.
• Satellite Weather Information System using SDARS
  (GA/transport)
• SBIR with Vigyan to commercialize a satellite
  broadcast system by WSI
• 2002 TGIR Award

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Secure Aircraft System for Information Flow
(SASIF) FY 04-08
Aviation Safety and Security

• Objective
• Secure and harden aircraft networks and datalinks
  from intentional threats and enable surveillance
  of aircraft and protected airspace.
• Tasks
• Define protected airspace surveillance system
  concepts and architectures
• Develop technologies for remote monitoring of
  on-board systems and aircraft environment
• Develop technologies to secure aircraft networks
  and datalinks
• Perform system analyses and assessments to
  optimize selected aviation security enhancements

• Key Milestones
• Protected Airspace Surveillance Concepts
• Datalink for Dynamic TFR Distribution
• Datalink Technologies for Remote Surveillance of
  Onboard Systems
• Secure Onboard LAN Technologies
• Secure A-G Datalink Technologies
• Integrated Network Architectures
• Datalink Trade-off and System Optimization Studies

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Access5 Command and Control Communications
(C2C) FY 04-08

• Objective
• To provide both pilot-to-ATC and pilot-to-ROA
  (remotely operated aircraft) communications such
  that ROAs can be routinely, safely and reliably
  in the NAS.
• Tasks
• Determine Communications solution for both the
  near term demonstrations and the long term
  practical implementation
• Simulate candidate solutions to determine best
  operational performance and integrity
• Develop proof-of-concept hardware and software
  for candidate solutions
• Flight test POC system at five airports
• Develop technologies for long term communications
  solution

• Key Milestones
• ROA Communications Requirements Study
• Proof-of-concept hardware/software
• Access5 Demonstrations
• ROA Communications system and component
  technology

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003
Requirements Analyses, Architecture Studies,
Technology Gap Analyses have been performed for
various scenarios in the different NASA programs,
as well as by many other organizations such as
FAA, Boeing, Eurocontrol, etc. These
architectures, at a high level, feature A hybrid
of satellite and terrestrial based communications
links Growing integration of communications,
navigation and surveillance functions through
digitization Growing dependence on network
technologies to integrate disparate subsystems,
systems and functions and to enable information
dissemination across all platforms, users and
geographic locations Next, examples from NASA
AC/ATM Project and Boeing GCNSS
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Generic Hybrid Architectures for Communications,
NASA Advanced Communications for Air Traffic
Management Project

• Satellite-based
• Broadband broadcast
• National/Regional Weather and Flight Information
• En- Route Traffic Information and other services
• Medium-band return
• ADS Weather sensor data
• Other operations, maintenance, health monitoring
• Security, surveillance audio/video, black box, etc

National/Global Interoperability and Networking

• Ground-based
• Terminal area broadband
• Local Wx, FIS, TIS
• Approach/departure
• ADS-B
• Surface medium-band
• ADS-B
• Ground traffic management
• Ground ops
• Clearances, etc.

National/Global Interoperability and Networking
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Point of Departure ArchitectureSpace-based CNS
and CIN/SWIM
Air Traffic Management
Existing Two-way Comm Satellites
Navigation Satellites
Next Generation SatCom
Digital Voice Narrowband Data Broadband Data
Digital Voice Narrowband Data Broadband Data
SBAS
ADS (narrowband data)
Galileo
GPS
ADS (narrowband data)
ADS
. .
Nav Reference Stations
Navigation Aides
Primary
Secondary
Air-Ground Communications
Radar ADSintegration (SDN)
Radar
CommonTransportNetwork
Communications Navigation Surveillance
Terrestrial Networks (e.g., FTI)

Information Management
ATMApplications

Satellite Network Operations Centers
Airports/Towers
Flight Operations Centers
Common Information Network/ System Wide
Information Mgt
Homeland Security
AviationServices
ATC Centers

• Provides common shared informational awareness
• Enhances collaboration, precision control
  throughout NAS

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Point of DepartureSpace-Based Communication
Transition
Air Traffic Management
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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies
Goal Initiate the transition of todays CNS
systems into a high-performance network-centric
digital infrastructure to support the
transformation of the National Airspace System
INTEGRATED DIGITAL AIRSPACE
ACAST

• Objectives
• Identify the transitional architecture to achieve
  the transformational high-performance integrated
  CNS (ICNS) system and define the global
  air/ground network architecture
• Develop efficient aviation spectrum utilization
  and support global spectrum allocations
• Enable efficient oceanic/remote operations
  through improved comm and surveillance
• Increase air-ground datalink performance and
  capacity for terminal and en-route operations
• Improve airport surface operations via an
  integrated wireless CNS network

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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies
ACAST Proposed Subprojects Work areas being
studied during FY 2004 Project Definition
Cross-cutting Subprojects define a framework
for the component and system technology
development subprojects
Transitional CNS Architectures
Global Air/Ground Networks
Spectrum Research
Oceanic C S
Multimode/Multifunction Avionics
VHF Systems Optimization
Terminal Area Communications
Surface ICNS Network
Space-based Surveillance
CNS Technologies
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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies
ACAST Proposed Subprojects
Projected Development Level TRL Deployment
Time Frame 3-4 Mid/Far 4-5 Mid 3 Far 6 Near
6 Near 3-6 Near/Mid/Far 3-5
Mid/Far 3-4 Near/Mid/Far 6 Near 3-6 Mid/Far

• Transitional CNS Architectures
• Global Air/Ground Networks
• Space-based Surveillance
• Oceanic C S
• Multimode/Multifunction Avionics
• VHF Systems Optimization
• Terminal Area Communications
• Spectrum Research
• Surface ICNS Network
• CNS Technologies

Not easily related to TRL levels Subproject
contains several technologies which may be
developed to different levels
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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies
1
2

• Transitional CNS Architectures
• Global Air/Ground Networks
• Space-based Surveillance
• Oceanic C S
• Multimode/Multifunction Avionics
• VHF Systems Optimization
• Terminal Area Communications
• Spectrum Research
• Surface ICNS Network
• CNS Technologies

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4
5
6
9
10
3
7
2
6
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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

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ACASTAdvanced CNS Architectures and System
Technologies

• NASA Plans for Aviation Satellite Communications
  Research
• In the Aviation Safety/Security Program
• Satcom for weather data to the cockpit Swift
  64/Inmarsat
• In the Airspace systems Program ACAST Project
• Oceanic Communications and Surveillance lower
  cost satcom to enable 30/30 and 15/15 nm spacing
• Space-based Surveillance ADS/TIS via satellite,
  satellite-based multi-lateration, space-based
  radar
• Network architectures for integration of
  satellite communications for en-route ATM/ATC
  applications
• Enabling different satellite solutions to be
  integrated within a common network for example,
  narrowband (like NexSAT), medium band (Inmarsat
  4), wideband (Connexion by Boeing)
• Spectrum Issues use of satcom bands for ATC
• Satellite communications antenna technologies for
  aviation applications

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Background on NASA Aeronautical CNS Research and
  Development
• Current NASA Programs and Projects
• Aeronautical Communications Architectures
• NASA Planned Aviation Satellite Communications
  Work
• ACAST Overview
• NASA Satcom Plans
• Summary

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• Summary
• Three NASA Program Areas include CNS research and
  development projects
• Airspace Systems
• Aviation Safety and Security
• Vehicle Systems
• The NASA Glenn Research Center is where the CNS
  RD is performed
• Ku-Band broadband aeronautical satellite
  communications developed and demonstrated
• Satellite communications for high-quailty
  graphical weather information into the cockpit
  developed and demonstrated
• NASA Glenn has over 30 years of space
  communications RD experience
• Advanced CNS Architectures abnd System
  Technologies (ACAST) is a major new NASA RD
  project just getting started
• FY 2004 is a project definition year

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003

• Summary
• Architectures for future Aeronautical
  Communications (ATM/ATC) envision significant use
  of satellite communications
• Oceanic and Remote Communications its already
  there, but lower cost systems needed
• Delivery of weather information to the cockpit
  its been demonstrated and systems are being
  offered in U. S. (WSI Inc - GA oriented)
• En-Route Communications (and ADS/TIS?) in the
  future lower cost systems and network
  architecture overlay is needed
• NASA Projects will continue to investigate
  satellite communications for aviation
• Low cost oceanic and remote communications and
  surveillance
• Network architectures and technologies to allow
  integration of multiple satcom solutions
• Aviation spectrum issues
• Advanced satcom antenna technologies for aviation

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Satellite Communications for AviationNexSAT
Steering Group Meeting 30 October 2003
Invitation 4th Integrated CNS Technologies
Conference 26-29 April, 2004 Fairfax,
Virginia, USA Call for Participation Please
visit http//spacecom.grc.nasa.gov/icnsconf/