All About Osteoarthritis

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All About Osteoarthritis
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The Facts about Osteoarthritis (OA)

• Most common form of arthritis
• Approximately 20.7 million Americans suffer form
  the disease.
• 3 times as many women suffer from the disease
  than men.
• Form of arthritis from wear and tear

Source www.AllAboutArthritis.com, 2003
www.arthritis.org, 2003
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What is Osteoarthritis?

• The covering on the ends of bones gradually wear
  away, becoming frayed and rough.
• Known as wear and tear arthritis
• Usually develops due to many years of use and
  affects people middle-age and older.
• Targets hands and weight-bearing joints, such as
  knees, hips, feet and back.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Warning Signs of Osteoarthritis

• Signs include
• Steady or intermittent pain
• Stiffness
• Joint swelling or tenderness
• Crunching sound when moving

Osteoarthritis
Source www.physicaltherapy.about.com , 2003
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Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis

• Age- 45 yrs or older
• Gender- majority of sufferers are women
• Certain hereditary conditions, including
  defective cartilage and malformed joints
• Joint Injuries caused by physical labor or sports
• Obesity
• Diseases that change the normal structure and
  function of cartilage, such as rheumatoid
  arthritis, Pagets disease, gout or pseudogout

Source www.mayoclinic.com , 2003
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Symptoms of Osteoarthritis

• Symptoms usually come on slowly.
• Pain and inflammation
• Pain may develop gradually and feel like a deep
  ache.
• Swelling and stiffness
• May be worse in the morning and feel better with
  activity.
• Loss of range of motion
• Sticking and weakness
• Loose fragments of cartilage and other tissue can
  cause locking or sticking.
• Joint may also lose strength and buckle or lock.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Diagnosis of Osteoarthritis

• Medical history
• To prepare for your exam, be sure to have all the
  information including
• Chief complaint (Where it is hurting the most?)
• Chronology of illness
• Functional Impact (What effect does the pain have
  on your life?)
• Family history
• Be sure to mention any previous joint damage
• Physical examination
• X-rays
• Lab tests
• Joint Aspiration

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Prognosis of Osteoarthritis

• Generally gets worse over time and cannot be
  cured.
• However, pain and stiffness symptoms frequently
  responds to medical treatment.
• Progression of disease varies from one person to
  another.
• Does not always become disabling.

Source www.praxis.md , 2003
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Non-surgical Treatment Options of Osteoarthritis

• Lifestyle modifications
• Change activities that cause pain, including job
  or sports activities.
• If osteoarthritis affects weight-bearing joints
  (hip, knee, ankle, spine) and you are overweight,
  a weight loss program may need to be started.
• Exercise with range-of-motion (flexibility),
  aerobic conditioning and targeted
  muscle-strengthening exercises.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Non-surgical Treatment Options of Osteoarthritis

• Medications
• Anti-inflammatory medication to reduce swelling
  and inflammation.
• Corticosteroids, which are injected directly into
  the joint for temporary relief of pain and
  swelling.
• Dietary supplements
• Glucosamine
• Chondroitin
• Calcium

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Non-surgical Treatment Options of Osteoarthritis

• Physical Therapy
• A fitness program and physical therapy to improve
  joint flexibility, increased range of motion,
  strengthen muscle, bone and cartilage tissues and
  reduce pain.
• May use assistive devices (crutches, walker,
  brace)
• Apply ice or heat to affected joint for short
  periods, several times a day.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Surgical Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

• May consider surgery if non-surgical options do
  not offer relief to pain.
• Surgery is dependent on several factors
• Age
• Activity level
• Condition of affected joint
• Extent to which the disease has progressed
• Surgical options include arthroscopy,
  arthroplasty, joint fusion, debridement and joint
  replacement.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Surgical Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

• Fascial reconstruction.
• Placed between the rubbing bone surfaces,
  creating a tough connection of scar tissue,
  cushioning the ends of the bones.
• Osteotomy.
• Cuts the bone to re-align the joint to a better
  position.
• Often used for younger people, when the limb is
  clearly not straight and the cartilage wear is
  confined to one part of the joint.

Source www.jointreplacement.com, 2003
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Surgical Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

• Arthroscopy
• Doctor uses a small instrument to remove bone
  spurs, cysts, damaged lining or loose fragments
  in the joint.
• Joint Fusion (applies to hand and ankle)
• Eliminates the joint by binding together the ends
  of the bones, which limits movement of the joints.

Source www.aaos.org , 2003
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Surgical Treatment Options for Osteoarthritis

• Joint Replacement (Total Joint Replacement,
  Arthroplasty, Minimally Invasive techniques)
• Replacing parts of the bones with implants
  creating an artificial joint.
• Cartilage transplant
• Healthy cartilage transplanted to another area
  where cartilage has been damaged.
• Not always viable, dependant on the condition of
  the cartilage and bone.

Source www.jointreplacement.com, 2003
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How Treatment Can Help!

• Having osteoarthritis does not mean an end to
  your active lifestyle.
• There are many options to help relieve pain and
  regain your former lifestyle.
• Restore the joy of motion

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Questions?
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Thank You!