Acids and Bases

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Acids and Bases
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Bases

• What is a base?
• A base is a chemical that neutralises acids
• But so do alkalis, what is the difference?
• Some bases are soluble and some are not
• All alkalis are bases
• Alkalis are soluble bases
• Non-soluble bases are not alkalis
• How do they work?
• They combine the H ions in the acid with oxygen
  to make water

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Examples of Bases

• Metal oxides e.g. zinc oxide
• Metal hydroxide e.g. sodium hydroxide
• Metal carbonates e.g. potassium carbonate
• Metal hydrogen e.g. sodium hydrogencarbonates c
  arbonate
• Ammonia solution

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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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metal oxide carbon dioxide
metal salt oxygen
Acid Metal
metal salt hydrogen
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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Copper sulphate water
Sulphuric acid Copper Oxide
Copper sulphate hydrogen
Copper sulphate carbon dioxide
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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metal oxide water
Acid Metal Hydroxide
metal salt oxygen
metal salt water
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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Metal salt water carbon dioxide
acid metal hydrogen carbonate
Metal salt hydrogen
Carbonic acid metal
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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Your teeth are made of calcium carbonate Will
they be damaged by acids
Yes
No
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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pH 2
You mix equal quantities of Nitric acid and
Sodium Hydroxide What will be the most likely pH
of the mixture?
pH 5
pH 7
pH 9
pH 14
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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The sodium reacts with the acid and releases
hydrogen
Rennies contain sodium hydrogen carbonate When
you swallow Rennies you sometimes burp Why?
They neutralise stomach acid and produce carbon
dioxide
rennies contains gas
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Correct
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Reactions of Acids and Alkalis
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It contains acid
People put lemon juice into some drinks to make
them taste sharp or sour. What does this tell
you about lemon juice?
It contains sugar
It has gone rotten
It contains salt
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Correct
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