Lab SessionI CSIT120 Spring2001

1
Lab Session-I CSIT120 Spring2001

• Using Windows
• Using An Editor
• Using Visual C
• Using Compiler
• Writing and Running Programs
• Lab-1 continues (Session I-B)

2
Lab Targets

• We wish to learn how to program
• We would like to edit a program, compile it and
  run it successfully
• Therefore we need to learn editing, compiling and
  running programs
• This can be done under MS-Windows operating
  system easily

3
Using Windows

• MS-Windows is a user friendly system
• Mouse clicks in GUI environment make it easy to
  use the system.
• Switching from one task to another is done
  through various ways
• Cutting and pasting from one application to
  another is convenient way to share data

4
Using an Editor

• First, we should learn basic editing under
  Windows operating system
• We need to know how to correct a mistake, cut and
  paste text and save a file
• Let us do some practice sessions as prescribed in
  the manual. Please do experiment 1.1 in lab
  session 1 Pages 3-4

5
Suggested Editors

• Under Ms-Windows, Wordpad and Notepad are
  available as editors that can handle text files
• Wordpad is better than Notepad as it remembers
  previously edited files
• Please save the file as Text file--MS-DOS
  format if you wish to give it an extension of
  .cpp (C source code file) or save as all
  files under Notepad

6
Using Visual C

• Visual C is part of MS Visual Studio package
• Visual C is easy to use because of its
  integrated development environment
• It implements the C programming language and
  offers many choices for structured or
  object-oriented programming

7
Visual Studio Introduction

• Visual Studio is a suite of programming tools
  from Microsoft. C is a part of this suite.
• Launch Visual Cfrom Start-Programs-Visual
  Studio x.x-Microsoft Visual C
• The screen will be divided into three areas
• The large grey window to the right is the work
  area

8
Visual Studio Introduction

• The narrower window to the left is the workspace
  window and the bottom window is the output window
• You can control the appearance of your screen by
  right clicking and then selecting or de-selecting
  various windows
• We will be developing console projects in our
  work, starting with single C files

9
Using A Compiler

• We will be using Visual C for this course as
  our programming environment
• Visual C can be started from the Start button
• Go to filenewfilesCSource File to
  start editing a new source code file. Visual C
  provides its own editor
• Perform Experiment 1.2 in session1 Pages 4-6 of
  lab manual

10
Using A Compiler

• Please save your file once you are done editing
  it. The default name of your file would be
  Cpp1.cpp. Change it if you do not like this name.
• Now go to menu options BuildBuild
• It will ask you some funny question(s), say Yes
  to all
• Once built, the project can be executed from
  BuildExecute or ! icon

11
The Anatomy of a C Program

• Let us explore the structure of the C program
  that we have compiled and executed.
• The program began with comments line. All
  comments start with // or /. Comments do not
  contribute anything in the program. Comments are
  for readers to understand the program later.

12
The Anatomy of a C Program

• You are expected to put comments at all important
  places so anyone else can read and understand
  your source code
• The line with
• include
• is a directive to include a header file. Header
  files contain names of the functions to be used
  by the program.

13
The Anatomy of a C Program

• C provides a lot of built-in functions so that
  programmers do not have to re-invent the wheel
• For example, displaying something on screen is a
  task. Everyone is not supposed to develop a
  program to do it
• C developers have already written a program
  to do it. All you need to do is to use it
  appropriately

14
The Anatomy of a C Program

• coutscreen (Think of directing output to the screen)
• Next we see the line
• void main(void)
• This line gives the name of the function that you
  are developing. main() is the default name used
  for the main function of any program

15
The Anatomy of a C Program

• Function is a block of code that performs a given
  task. A function carries a name and opening and
  closing braces
• If there is only one function in your program, it
  must be named main().

16
The Anatomy of a C Program

• The function main is started with an opening
  brace and terminated with a closing one
• These braces identify the start and end of a
  block of code. e.g. a function
• We will identify some more uses of these braces
  in future

17
Lab Demo Due In-Class

• Please perform Experiment 1.4 and 1.5 and give
  the report to the Teaching Assistant

18
Lab-1 Continues (Session I-B)

• We have learned
• How to use a text editor in Windows
• How to use Visual C
• How to compile, build and run programs in Visual
  C
• We should strengthen our knowledge by doing some
  more examples

19
QA

• Why is included in the program
  source code?
• Why do we name the only function in our program
  as main()?
• What is the use of opening braces and closing
  braces in the program?
• What is a header file?
• What is cout
• Why do we put semicolons at the end of each
  statement?

20
Lab Experiments

• We can introduce errors in our source code and
  then check the compiler error messages
• Perform Experiment 1.3 on page 8 of lab manual
  session-1

21
Lab Experiments

• The little character \n inserts a newline in
  the display. We can use it whenever we want the
  next item to begin on a new line
• Text to be displayed is surrounded by double
  quotes in the cout statement. However double
  quotes are not shown when program is executed
• Perform Experiment 1.6 to learn the rules about
  placing quotation marks in the text.

22
Practicing ASCII Art

• Right now we have the expertise of using the
  output statement cout in displaying text
• We can use this expertise to display several
  different things.
• For example, let us show a triangle with this
  statement
• Can you write a program to show a triangle or a
  square, or an automobile with cout?