The Reactivity Series

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The Reactivity Series
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Reaction of Sodium in Water
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Word Equation
Sodium Hydroxide

Hydrogen
Sodium Water
Symbol Equation
NaOH
Na H2O
H2
Balanced Equation
2
2
2
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Reaction of Caesium and Water
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Caesium
Caesium
Water


Caesium Hydroxide
Hydrogen
Cs H2O
CsOH
H2

2
2
2
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Calcium
Calcium
Water


Calcium Hydroxide
Hydrogen
Ca H2O
Ca(OH)2
H2

2
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Reaction of Magnesium and Steam
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Magnesium
Steam
Magnesium Oxide


Hydrogen
Mg H2O
MgO
H2

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Reactivity Series
Cs
K
Na
Ca
Mg
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Reactions of Metals and Oxygen
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Reactions of Metals and Oxygen
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Equations
Magnesium
Oxygen
Magnesium Oxide

Mg O2
MgO
2
2
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Redox
What has happened to the metal in this reaction ?
It has gained oxygen
It has been ..?
OXIDISED
Because .
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Reaction of Metals and Dilute Acid
Magnesium ribbon hydrochloric acid
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Reaction of Metals and Dilute Acid
Zinc hydrochloric acid
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Observations
Fizzing
Metal gets smaller
Heat given out
Colour of solution formed
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Equations
Metal
Salt
Hydrogen
Acid


Hydrochloric Acid
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium


Hydrogen
HCl Mg
MgCl2
H2

2
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MgSO4 H2
Mg H2SO4
FeCl2 H2
Fe HCl
2
Zn H2SO4
ZnSO4 H2
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Reactivity Series
Cs
K
Na
Ca
Mg
Zn
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Displacement Reactions
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Displacement Reactions
Magnesium Lead nitrate
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Displacement Reactions
Iron Copper nitrate
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N.B. For a reaction to happen the metal on its
own must be.
...the MOST reactive of the two.
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Observations
Colour of metal formed as solid deposit
Change of colour of solution
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Example
Zinc Sulphate
Copper Sulphate
Copper
Zinc


Zn
CuSO4
ZnSO4
Cu


Red / brown deposit of copper
Blue solution gets paler
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Equations
MgSO4 Zn
Cu(NO3)2 Ag
2
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Reactivity Series
Cs
K
Na
Ca
Mg
Zn
Fe
Pb
Cu
Ag
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Extraction of Metal from its Ore
Ores are the rocks from which we extract metals
E.g. bauxite
Al
aluminium oxide
What has happened to the metal ?
It has been .?
Reduced
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REDUCTION IS...
.LOSS OF OXYGEN.
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The more reactive a metal is
The more difficult it is to extract from its ore.
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The metals just below aluminium can be extracted
from their ore by heating them with carbon - A
REDUCING AGENT
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Metals of low reactivity can be extracted by
heating them e.g. Copper
OR
they may be found native
as the element itself e.g.
Gold
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Summary Sheet
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