Communication

1
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
Information and
Communication
Infrastructures
Information and
Communication
Infrastructures
Information and
Communication
Infrastructures
2
Content
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• Information and Communication Infrastuctures
• What are ICIs
• from a functional point of view?
• from a business point of view?
• from a systems point of view?
• from an engineering point of view?

3
Message
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• Information and Communication Systems assume the
  role of an infrastructure.

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What is an Infrastructure?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• A substructure or (an) underlying foundation esp.
  the basic installations and facilities on which
  the continuance and growth of a community, state
  etc. depends (Websters New World Dictionary
  Third College Edition 1991).

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Information and Communication Infrastructure for
eCommerce
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
Consumer-to-Business Services
Business
partner 1
Internet/
www
Extranet
Product Catalog
Service
Service
and
Kiosk
Provider
Content
Internet/
Internet/
Intranet
Integra-
Extranet
tion
Business
Service Portfolio
partner n
CD-ROM
Business-to-Business

Services

Business-TV

Business Data

Mobile Frontends
6
ADIA/Adecco Job Shop Infrastructure
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
Provider Administration Center
150 Job Shops
50 Locations
Branch Office
Internet www.adia.de
Branch Office
Headquarter, Hamburg Service Center, Central
Disposition
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Reference Model
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
Customer
Employee
Designer
Employee
Service request/
Coordination of
Processing of services
presentation
Service provision
POI/ POS
Service center
Agency
Presen-
Multimedia
tation
Application and
Backoffice
Service data

Presentation
design
Commu-
environ-
environ-
nication
ment
operational data
ment
Data
Data
Data
transmission
transmission
Video conference
Video conference
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TELIS System Model
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
Customer
Service request and provision
POI/POS
System status information
Update of service offers
Network
System Operator
Service Provider
Art Designer
Administration Center
Service Center
Media Workplace
Negotiation of the presentation of service
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The SAP 3/R Information and Communication
Infrastructure
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
FI
Finance
CO
Controlling
SD
FI
AM
Facility Management
MM
CO
PS
Project Management
WF
Workflow
R/3-
AM
PP
IS
Branch Solutions
Client/Server
HR
Personal
PM
Maintenance
ABAP/4
QM
PS
QM
Quality Management
PM
WF
PP
Production Planning
IS
HR
MM
Materials Management
SD
Sales
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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From a Functional Point of View
• Integrated Commercial Application Systems (e.g.
  ERP, CRM, SCM)
• Disposition, Decision Support Systems, Executive
  Information Systems
• Office Communication, Word Processing, Desk Top
  Publishing Systems, and Document Management
  Systems
• Routing and Guidance Systems
• E-Commerce Systems
• Information Storage and Retrieval Systems
• Communication Systems
• Integrated Manufacturing Systems
• Engineering Tools and Support Systems
• Monitoring and Control Systems etc.

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From a Functional Point of View
• Information and Communication Infrastructures
• provide for interworking
• the co-ordinated computer supported
  communication of people
• provide for interoperation
• the co-ordinated communication between software
  systems
• provide for interconnection
• the co-ordinated communication between computers

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From a Business Point of View
• Information and Communication Infrastructures
  represent substantial investments.
• Their planning, development, maintenance and use
  is geared to ensure the protection of the
  investment.
• They hence become long living.

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From a Systems Point of View
• Application Systems
• User Interface Systems
• Operating Systems
• Database Management Systems
• Communication Systems
• Tools and Utilities

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From a Systems Point of View
• Information and Communication Infrastructures
• provide for presentation integration
• over a common (graphical) user interface
• provide for process integration
• over a common business process model
• provide for data integration
• over a common data repository
• provide for control integration
• over a common communication system

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From an Engineering Point of View
• Information and Communication Infrastructures are
  built
• through the amalgamation/integration of
  autonomous subsystems
• They can only be changed
• gradually through the replacement/integration of
  subsystems

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From an Engineering Point of View
• Information and Communication Infrastructures
• represent a number of base systems to enable the
  interconnection of computers, the interoperation
  of systems and the interworking of people
• represent a (temporarily) invariant framework of
  (standard) platforms, interfaces and protocols
  with slots for the attachment of components and
  systems as functional units (e.g. a software bus
  like a ORB)

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What are Information and Communication
Infrastructures?
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures

• From an Engineering Point of View
• Gradually Developed
• through
• Integration of Independently Developed Subsystems
• around a
• Common Base

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Information and Communication Infrastructure
Reference Model
Information and CommunicationInfrastructures
InterWorking
InterAction
InterAction
InterOperation
System
System
output
input
InterFunction
InterFunction
InterConnection
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Continuous Engineering of Information
and Communication Infrastructures
Continuous Engineering of Information and
Communication Infrastructures
Continuous Engineering of Information and
Communication Infrastructures
Continuous Engineering of Information and
Communication Infrastructures
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Continuous Change A Sample
Continuous Engineering of Information
and Communication Infrastructures
Business
Re-engineering
R/3 Reference
Model
Change Management
Business Engineering
Operational
Business
System
Model
Deployment
Customizing
Customized
System
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Continuous Software Engineering System
Perspective

• What constitutes systems?
• knowledge
• information
• data
• conceptual artefacts
• material artefacts
• environments

Continuous Engineering of Software Infrastructures
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Continuous Software Engineering System
Perspective

• Continuous changes to Information and
• Communication Infrastructures through changes of
• user interfaces/user dialogs
• functional building blocks
• data management functions
• communication capabilities
• hardware systems

Continuous Engineering of Software Infrastructures
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Continuous Software Engineering Issues

• Software Analysis
• object code analysis, source code analysis
• recovering designs and architectures from code
• recovering models and specifications from code,
  designs and architectures
• portfolio analysis for Information and
  Communication Infrastructures

Continuous Software Engineering
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Continuous Software Engineering Issues

• Integration Techniques
• interworking integration
• integration of process fragments
• integration of process engines, etc
• interoperation integration
• data integration (metamodelling)
• data base integration
• transactional integration
• platform-based integration
• web-based integration
• mail-based integration, etc
• interconnection integration
• standard protocols for open networks
• integration of standard and proprietary networks
• integrated services

Continuous Software Engineering
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Continuous Software Engineering Issues

• Conversion, Transformation
• data structure conversion, data base structure
  conversion
• presentation scheme conversion, gui-fication
• objectification of systems
• scaling of systems to their proper dimension

Continuous Software Engineering
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Continuous Software Engineering Engineering
Perspective

• Planning Change
• to avoid expensive trouble shooting
• Enabling Change
• through proper managerial and technical
  provisions
• Goal Directed Change
• to meet business and technical requirements
• Controlling Change
• to enable continuous functioning eg. modification
  
• on the fly

Continuous Software Engineering
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Software Infrastructures

• How do we cope with
• the demands for change in
• software infrastructures?

Continuous Software Engineering