Integrating Relief

1
Integrating Relief Development The Eternal
Divide?Urgency Development in Southern Africa

• UNDP Forum on Drought Risk Development Policy,
  Nairobi, 31 January 2 February 2005
• Graham Farmer
• FAO Regional Emergency Coordinator for Southern
  Africa
• FAO-RIACSO, Johannesburg, South Africa
• Mark McGuire
• FAO Food Security Officer
• FAO Subregional Office for Eastern and Southern
  Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe

2
The Continuum has been replaced by The Contiguum

• Recent experience in southern Africa has shown a
  need for a paradigm shift in the way we view
  needs
• There is a need to see urgency in our
  interventions, given the rate of individual,
  household and institutional attrition
• At the same time, there is a need to anchor our
  immediate interventions within a contemporaneous,
  long-term context

3
Why the Need for Urgency?

• In 2003, 918,000 people died of HIV/AIDS in
  southern SADC (including and south of Namibia,
  Zambia, Mozambique)
• That figure translates to one person every 35
  seconds, on top of the existing death load
• Systems are crumbling and we need to carry out
  first aid while repairing the whole structure

4
Longer-Term Issues

• Using the UNDP HDI, Southern Africa shows
  reversal of gains over last decades - strongly
  influenced by life expectancy, but also
  reflecting the critical position of many
  households
• There are ample structures for integration e.g.
  MDGs, World Food Summit, PRSPs and the UN Triple
  Threat as an integrator
• We should also be considering longer term e.g.
  GEC, but how do we get this in to policy makers
  sights because of the perceived distance of its
  time frame

5
FAO Emergency and Development Integration

• Temporal - Increasing the contextual placement of
  emergency operations within longer-term, e.g.
  5-year, programmes
• Spatial looking for common problems and
  solutions across a region
• Institutional increasing collaboration within
  FAO and with other agencies

6
HIV/AIDS Studies in FAO
7
A Technically Sound Approach FAO Examples

• Short-term operations supported by technical
  services in Rome, and increasingly in field,
  example of HIV/AIDS
• At regional level, examples include development
  of Drought Impact Integration and Prevention
  Programme (Limpopo Basin), Regional Water Control
  Initiative (documents supplied)

8
Drought Impact Mitigation and Prevention in
Limpopo River Basin

• Integrated programme internal (FAO)/external
  issues (SADC, UN, donors, NGOs, etc.),
  multi-disciplinary approach coordination issues
• Global, regional, national calls for action
• Impacts of drought highlighted not the event
  itself we all need to learn to live with
  drought
• Policies exist contextual implementation is the
  issue

9
Contextual Implementation

• Identified need to review drought impacts,
  combining biophysical and socio-economic
  information, with other policies SADC,
  national, Ag, Water, DMA, PRS (?), NEPAD (?)
• Limpopo situation analysis stressed the need
  for/lack of information to design appropriate
  programmes/interventions
• Outline lessons learned and programmes to
  increase productivity, diversity, resilience,
  etc.

10
In Conclusion

• There does not have to be a divide between
  emergency and development if we see them as
  (necessary) constructs to assist bureaucracy
• There is need for a holistic approach to get a
  total solution, aiming at reversing recent
  negative trends in longer-term development
• There is a need for intra- and inter-institutional
  integration, building on strengths of
  comparative advantages (and driven optimally from
  the field)

11
Thank You