Deploying Wireless DSL Cost Effectively with Meshed ATM Architecture

1
Deploying Wireless DSL Cost Effectively with
Meshed ATM Architecture

• Frank W. Massa - Wireless, Inc.
• Broadband Wireless World Forum

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Goals

• Review the broadband wireless access opportunity
• Explore the two basic wireless coverage models
• Discuss performance measures for wireless base
  stations
• Discuss system growth issues
• Compare ATM and IP as methods for delivering QoS
  and mixed services and for improving reliability
• Discuss backhaul requirements and propose a
  wireless backhaul model

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The Opportunity
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The Opportunity

• DSL Homes Passed estimated to be 30 - 50
• at 512 kbps or more
• 1 - 6 Mbps desired
• Even Covered Areas may not offer complete
  coverage
• Cable, Satellite services have comparable
  limitations

San Francisco Bay Area DSL coverage (green),
from DSL Reports http//dslreports.com/shownews/37
3
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Spot or Cellular Coverage?

• Spot Coverage requires only a single central base
  station
• Line of sight requirements
• Limits on range
• can be quite limited at high frequencies
• Obstruction limits
• no choice of serving base station
• Maximum usable bandwidth

Denver Area Coverage - Sprint Broadband Direct
(sm)http//www.sprintbroadband.com/availability/i
ndex.pl
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Total Systems Solution
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Wireless Total System Solution

• Wireless Broadband First Mile Access
• Wireless Transport, Backhaul and Switching
  Solutions
• Network Management Solution
• Megabit plus per second data rates for SOHO and
  residential markets
• Toll grade voice services (QoS)
• Integrated End-to-End solution

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Total System Solution
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Into the Core Network
Edge Switch
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Total Solution Key Requirements

• Pt-Mp waveform
• Superior capacity in multi-cell deployment
• Superior range for given throughput
• Allows operation in any single (TDD) contiguous
  or FDD bands
• Advanced multipath mitigation
• High-order signal processing for excellent
  performance in non-LOS signal paths and areas
  with reflections and dense RF overlap
• Integrated Customer Premise Equipment
• Avoids expensive CPE installation
• Low - cost solution which includes antenna, RF,
  Telephony and Data
• Network architecture
• Allows QoS for voice and other low latency
  applications
• Efficient multiplexing and switching
• Ready integration with DSL-based network
  infrastructure

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Key Features and Benefits (Cont)

• Efficient Multiple Access Control protocol
• True bandwidth-on-demand
• Demand assignment approach avoids inefficiencies
  of contention-based approaches
• High throughput maintained with heavy loading
• Throughput per user similar to xDSL
• Plain Old Telephony Service
• Support interfaces to industry leading DSL Voice
  Gateway providers
• Integrated access - data and voice in one CPE

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Wireless RF Spectrum
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Pt-Mp Frequencies (Below 6 GHz)

• License-Free
• 2.4 GHz ISM
• 5.3 GHz UNII
• 5.8 GHz UNII
• 5.8 GHz ISM

• License
• 700 MHz UHF
• PCS (1.9 GHz)
• MDS/MMDS (2.1/2.6)
• WCS (2.3 GHz)
• 3.5 GHz (3.4 - 4.2 GHz)
• ETSI
• ITU
• Industry Canada

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FCC 700 MHz Channel Plan
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FCC PCS Band
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FCC WCS Band
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MDS/MDS/ITFS
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FCC UNII Band
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PT-MP Techniques
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Code Division Multiple Access
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CDMA Spectral Efficiency
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Time Division Duplex (TDD)
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Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)
Up Stream and Down Stream - AP sectors transmit
and receive to remotes simultaneously - Requires
separate transmit and receive bands
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Cellular Deployment

• Significant increase in system capacity
• Tradeoff per cell capacity
• TDMA or FDMA channels
• CDMA codes
• Cell size is a new deployment parameter

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Burst Rate and User Capacity

• OPNET Heavy HTML Model
• Web browsing
• Email
• FTP
• DSL at 256 kbps downstream
• 1 user
• Wireless aggregated at 1.8 Mbps downstream
• 60 users

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Download Rates
Download Performance vs. Number of Active Users
per Sector
1400
3.6 Mbps Sector
1200
1000
1 Mbps DSL
800
Average Per-User Download
1.8 Mbps Sector
Burst Rate (Kbps)
600
400
256 kbps DSL
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
Number of Active Users
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Quality of Service

• Why QoS?
• Critical for public shared services
• Allows for different SLAs
• Support for mixed services
• Protocols
• ATM provides rich, mature set of QoS mechanisms
• Switching protocols just beginning to be
  implemented
• IP has emerging QoS mechanisms
• IP has mature routing protocols
• Importance of the MAC

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Non-Line of Sight Range
Rappaport from "Measurements and Model for Radio
Path Loss and Penetration Loss In and Around
Homes and Trees at 5.85 GHz.", IEEE TRANS COMM, V
41, N 11, Nov. 1998.
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Range vs. Capacity Balance

• Model based on 1.9 GHz, 10 MHz BW, radio design

Bandwidth Efficiency
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Deployment
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Neighborhood Deployment

• Small
• Entirely outdoor
• Mounted on existing structures
• Rooftops
• Power poles
• Light poles
• Modest coverage area
• Modest cost

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Pt-MP Access Point

• Integrated package for low profile deployment
• Modularity supports single sector or sectorized
  deployment (Omni, 3-sector or 6-sector).
• Master and Slave Configurations
• Master includes Integrated switch functions and
  timing (GPS)
• Standard WAN interfaces for wireless backhaul
• Integral network management

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Integrated Switching

• Multiplexing and switching functions
• Carrier class features with lower cost per port
• Switching fabric up to 622 Mb/s
• Designed for all-outdoor, full-temperature
  operation
• Small size and weight, low power consumption,
  hardened
• Implements mesh network
• Moving network intelligence into the local loop
• Route and equipment redundancy - all elements can
  be non-redundant
• QOS, traffic prioritization
• QOS Billing options (platinum/gold/silver SLA)
• Dynamic load balancing
• Opportunity for local caching of bandwidth
  intensive data

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Outdoor CPE

• Outdoor antenna and RF connects to indoor IAD
  over existing twisted pair
• Indoor access not required for installation
• 10BaseT for data and RJ-11 for voice
• Requires LOS or Near - LOS

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Outdoor CPE with Indoor IAD
Outdoor
Indoor

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Indoor CPE

• Indoor desktop version
• Fully integrated access device, including antenna
  and RF front end
• Easy installation maximizes potential subscriber
  base
• 10BaseT for data and RJ-11 for voice
• For freq lt 3 GHz

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Indoor CPE

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Backhaul Options

• Wired
• Availability
• Recurring cost
• Time to deployment
• Licensed wireless
• Shorter time to deployment
• Spectrum availability
• Unlicensed wireless
• Shortest time to deployment
• No recourse for interference

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Redundant Wireless Backhaul

• Ring or Mesh Architecture
• Provide multiple paths of egress
• Self-healing nature
• Provides load balancing in network
• Can be designed for incremental cost over minimal
  star network
• Requires switching or routing at node points

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Backhaul Network Supports Growth
High growth area
POP
POP
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Meshed Backhaul in Action

• Mesh laid out for line-of-sight
• Connections may include doglegs for line-of sight

Point to Point RadioRelay Point Wireless Access
Point Switch
1 Mi.
USGS Photo Denver Suburb.
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Wireless Relay

• Field trail element
• Two back-to-back radios
• Light pole mounted

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Integrating the Pieces

• Voice and data traffic
• Integration with wired access methods

Backhaul Radios
Access Point
EdgeSwitch
Outdoor CPE
To PSTN
VoiceGateway
Class 5Switch
Hardened Switch
To Internet
IAD
SubscriberManagementSystem
Customer Premises
NSP Point of Presence
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Conclusions

• Wireless broadband system engineering has
  multiple facets
• Coverage
• Capacity
• Integrated services with QOS
• Costs
• A small cell, low footprint design is achievable
• Wireless backhaul
• Self healing mesh networks
• Rapid system deployment

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Thank You fmassa_at_wire-less-inc.com408.855.1218