Susan McDade

1
United Nations Development Programme
Rural Energy and MDG Implementation

• Susan McDade
• Manager
• Sustainable Energy Programme
• New York

2
Energy and the MDGs

• There is no MDG on energy
• Greatly increased qualility and quantity of
  energy services will be required to meet all of
  the MDGs
• Energy services can be generated from
  conventional or renewable energy services are
  light, heat, mechanical power, communications
• The quality, reliability and affordability of the
  services are what matter from a human development
  point of view
• Rural areas generally have both the lowest levels
  of modern energy services and greatest poverty

3
Energy and the MDGs
Energy
MDG 8 Develop global partnership
MDG 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
MDG 2 Achieve universal primary education
MDG 3 Promote gender equality and empower women
MDG 4 Reduce child mortality
MDG 5 Improve maternal health
MDG 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
MDG 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
4
Rural Energy Challenges double 2 billion

• Access to electricity and the services it
  provides (illumination, mechanical power,
  cooling) is extremely limited. Africa less than
  5 rural electrification
• Majority of heat energy needs come from
  traditional biomass (cooking, heating,
  agricultural processing) such as wood,
  agricultural residues, charcoal and dung
• Family energy needs met largley by women and
  girls
• Fuel and water collection limit girls
  participation in school, impact literacy,
  fertility and economic options
• Low levels of public services (education, health
  etc) impacted by lack of energy
• Rural jobs and agricultural value added limited
  by lack of energy

5
Rural Energy Solutions

• Access, access access
• Access to electricity especially decentralized
  systems both renewable and conventional
• Access to modern fuels higher efficiency, more
  heat, less local pollution LPG is one option
• Government policies must target rural
  energisation and link to other sectors
• Subsidies should target access not consumption
  business model can really help
• Focus should be on services not supply

6
WSSD Main Messages

• Energy is essential for poverty reduction, jobs,
  livelihoods and opportunities expansion
• Energy is not just electricity cleaner fuels are
  essential
• Energy cannot be approached as a sector
• Focus must be on energy services not energy
  supplies
• Solutions must be acceptable to domestic
  conditions
• All technology and fuel options must be open
• Sustainability concept is broader than
  environment, especially regarding energy
• Energy is a means not an end

7
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform

• Reducing drudgery of rural women by providing
  simple, affordable energy
• Time saved is devoted to education, health and
  child care and to generating extra agricultural
  production and income
• Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Guinea, Cote
  dIvoire

8
The Multifunctional Platform supports a simple
diesel engine that can power different tools
cereal grinding mills, de-huskers, oil
presses, joinery and carpentry tools
Engine
De-husker
Oil press
Grinding mill
Saws
Battery charging
9
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform

• Simple diesel engine powering different tools
  cereal grinding mills, dehuskers, oil presses,
  joinery and carpentry toolsand lighting and
  water distribution
• Simplicity, sturdiness and multiple uses
• Decentralized implementation of the project, in
  order to adapt to the local conditions and to the
  available economic and technical resources
• Low cost about 4000 per platform, half paid by
  community. Local revenue, jobs and services
  created through operation business model
• Strengthening of local capacities, through
  training and participatory studies and monitoring

10
The Platform process at the community level

• Demand-driven Womens group to request
• Participatory Pre-feasibility and Feasibility
  assessments
• Decision on specific configurations of a
  multifunctional platform that fits communitys
  needs
• Establishing ownership and management mechanism
  by women
• Capacity building for women and operators of the
  multifunctional platform
• Business implementation using a multifunctional
  platform-based rural energy enterprise
• Local capacity building for private artisans
• Monitoring and Evaluation

11
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform
Contributions to achieving MDG Goals and Targets

• Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Increased, diversified income for women greater
  productivity in agro processing more time and
  energy for in income-generating activities
• Increased, diversified income for men
• Increased and more diversified food production
• Income to purchase food in food deficit areas

12
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform

• Increased annual income per participating woman
  from about US 40 to US 100 freed up two to six
  hours time per day
• Stimulated micro level private sector activities
  for village men in blacksmithing, carpentry and
  mechanics

13
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform
Contributions to achieving MDG Goals and Targets

• Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education
• Increased school attendance as less child labour
  is needed
• Increased income to cover schooling costs
• More girls going to school

14
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform
Contributions to achieving MDG Goals and Targets

• Goal 3 Promote gender equality, empower women
• Reduced girl-specific labour leads to higher
  educational performance, attendance for girls
• Womens increased leverage as owners and managers
  of modern energy-based enterprises
• More time for rest, physical and mental
  recuperation essential for learning activities

15
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform
Contributions to achieving MDG Goals and Targets

• Goal 5 Improve maternal health
• Improved access to health services because of
  increased income
• Reduce workloads contributing to improved health
• Substitute inefficient traditional biomass fuels
  and reduce indoor air pollution

16
Example Mali Multifunctional Platform
Contributions to achieving MDG Goals and Targets

• Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
• Cleaner energy services can encourage a better
  management of natural resources, including better
  water quality

17
MDG 8 Global Partnerships
Global Village Energy Partnership LPG Challenge

• GVEP Working with World Bank, bilateral donors,
  NGOs and national authorities to link energy and
  poverty reduction. ESMAP foundation. Focus
  global.
• LPG Challenge Working with private companies,
  national authorities and consumers to expand LPG
  availability. Focus Ghana, South Africa,
  Morocco, Honduras, Vietnam, China.
• For more on UNDP see www.undp.org