Earths Moon

1
Earths Moon

• Chapter 1 Section 4

2
Essential Questions

• What features of the moon can be seen with a
  telescope?
• How did the Apollo landings help scientists learn
  about the moon?

3
The Structure Origin of the Moon
4
The moon is ______ kilometers in diameter, a
little less than the distance across the ______
______.

• 3,476
• United States

5
The moon only contains ____ - _______ as much
mass as Earth.

• One eightieth

6
The theory that best fits how the moon was formed
is known as the _______ theory.

• collision

7
The Collision Theory
8
Looking at the Moon From Earth
9
In 1609, the Italian astronomer ______ ______
made a telescope by putting two lenses in a
wooden tube.

• Galileo Galilei

10
Telescope

• A device built to study distant objects by making
  them appear closer

11
Crater

• A round pit on the moons surface

12
What caused craters to form on the moons
surface?

• For about 300 years, scientists believed that the
  craters were formed by volcanoes, like the ones
  on Earth
• 50 years ago, scientists concluded that the
  craters on the moon were caused by the impacts of
  meteoroids, rocks from space
• The space missions to the moon have confirmed
  this conclusion

13
Checkpoint What are maria?

• Maria are large flat plains on the moons surface
• These areas are low and flat that were flooded
  with molten material billions of years ago

Maria
Highlands
14
What features of the moon can be seen with a
telescope?

• Craters
• Highlands
• Maria

15
Missions to the Moon
16
For what reason did the unmanned spacecraft
Surveyor land on the moon?

• The Surveyors mission to the surface of the moon
  was to study the surface to see if spacecraft
  would sink into the moons surface, or land on
  solid ground

17
On July 20, 1969 Apollo 11 astronauts ______
______ ______ ______ launched a lunar module
called ______, leaving Mike Collins in orbit in
the Command Module.

• Neil Armstrong
• Buzz Aldrin
• Eagle

18
Figure 21 Inferring Why was it important for
the lunar module to land on a flat spot on the
moon?

• Landing on a flat spot allowed the astronauts and
  the landing gear outside the craft to land safely

19
What are almost all of the moon rocks made of?

• Almost all of the rocks on the moon were formed
  from the cooling of molten material, which proves
  that the moons surface must have been extremely
  hot
• Some rocks showed that they have been broken
  apart by impacts and then reformed
• This supports that the moons surface has been
  bombarded by meteoroids

20
Checkpoint What did scientists discover about
the interior of the moon as a result of the moon
landings?

• Scientists discovered that the interior of the
  moon has cooled almost completely since it was
  formed.

21
Figure 23 Observing What are the round features
in this photograph called?

• The round features are craters
• The far side of the moons rough terrain appears
  to be caused by impact craters

22
How did the Apollo landings help scientists learn
about the moon?

• Scientists collected moon rocks made of molten
  material
• Scientists studied the moons interior and
  discovered that the moon has weak quakes and that
  the moons interior has almost completely cooled
• Since the moons interior has almost completely
  cooled, craters were caused by impacts, not
  volcanic activity