Department of Computer Engineering, PSU

1
????? 1????????????????????
241-101 Introduction to computer
programming
Department of Computer Engineering,
PSU
2
????????????????

• ??????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????
• ????????????????????

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?????????????????

• ????????????
• ????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????????????????

4
????????????????????????

• ???????? Abacus (??????)
• 1614 ????? ???????? ????????????????????
  ?????????????? ?????????????
• 1621 ????????? ???????
  ???????????????????
• 1630 ???????? ????????
  ??????????????????????????????
  ???????? ??????????? (Calculating Clock)

5
???????????????????????? (???)

• 1642 ???? ?????? ??????????????????????????
  ?? ???????? Bailse Machine
• 1710 ??????? ?????? ????????????????????????
  ???????? ????????
  ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????

6
???????????????????????? (???)

• 1933 ?????? ????? (???????????????????)
  ????? Babbages difference engine
  ???????????????????
  ???????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????

7
???????????????????????? (???)

• 1890 ?????????????????????????????????
  (Punched Card)
• 1944 ????????????????????????????????????????
  ???? (Mark I)

8
???????????????????????? (???)

• 1946 First programmable electronic computer
  (ENIAC)
• 1952 UNIVAC computer correctly predicts
  election of Eisenhower

9
???????????????????????? (???)

• 1963 ????????? BASIC
• 1967 ????????????????????????????
• 1969 ??????? ARPA-Net
• 1970 Microprocessor

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???????????????????????? (???)

• 1975 First Microcomputer (MITs Altair 8800)
• 1977 First personal computer (Apple II)
• 1981 IBM introduces personal computer
• 1982 Portable Computer

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???????????????????????? (???)

• 1984 First personal laser printer, DTP by
  Apple Macintosh
• 1993 Multimedia Desktop Computer
• 1994 Full System of Microcomputer
• 1997 Network Computer
• 2000 Teleconferencing

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(No Transcript)
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??????????????????????????????

• ????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
  ??????????

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????????????????????????
????????????? (Input Device)
?????????? (Storage Device)
???????? (Processing Device)
??????????? (Output Device)
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?????????

• ????????????? ????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????? ???????????
• ??????????? (System Software)
• ??????????????? (Application Software)

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Hardware ?????????????
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?????????????????
18
???????????????

• ROM (Read Only Memory)
• PROM (Programmable ROM)
• EPROM (Erasable PROM)

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???????????????????????????

• 8 ??? (Bit)
  1 ???? (1 ????????)
• 1024 ????
  1 ???????? (KB)
• 1024 KB
  1 ????????? (MB)
• 1024 MB
  1 ???????? (GB)
• 1024 GB
  1 ???????? (TB)

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????????????????????
21
??? (Random Access Memory, RAM)
SDRAM, DDR SDRAM ??? RDRAM
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???????????????????
Dotmatrix - ??????????????????????????????????????
?????????? ???????????? ????????????????????
??????????? ???? 9 ???? ??????? 24 ????
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Printer
Ink Jet - ????????????????????????
???????????????????? ??????????????????????????
????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????????????????? ?
Laser - ??????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
??? ???????????? 20 ???????????
???????????????????????????
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Monitor
???????? CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)
???????? LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)
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???????????????????????????????
CPU ?????????????????
Hard Disk ???????????????
Input ??????????????????
BUS
RAM ??????????????????? ????????????????
RAM ??????????????????? ?????????????????
Output ???????????
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???????????????
??????????????????????
C
C
Java
Pascal
Fortran
Assembly
etc..
???????????????????????????????
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????????????????????????????????
?????????????? X
CPU
Hard Disk
Input
???????.c
10
Z
Z 15
?????????????? Y
?????????????? Z
BUS
???????? X ??????? 5
???????? Y ??????? 10 ??????????? Input
Data RAM
Program RAM
Output
X 5 Y 10 Z 15
???????.exe
X
5
???????? Z ??????? X Y
Y
???????????? Z
Z
28
?????????????????????
?????????????? X
?????????????? Y
?????????????? Z
???????? X ??????? 5
???????? Y ??????? 10 ??????????? Input
???????? Z ??????? X Y
???????????? Z