DESIGN OF AMORPHOUS MANGANESE OXIDE MATERIALS AS A SORBENT OF STRONTIUM

1
DESIGN OF AMORPHOUS MANGANESE OXIDE MATERIALS
AS A SORBENT OF STRONTIUM

• MARSAGISHVILI T.A., KIRILLOV S.A., CHAGELISHVILI
  V.A., ANANIASHVILI N.SH., DZANASHVILI D.I.,
  LESNICHAYA T. V., MACHAVARIANI M.N.
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences,
• 11, Mindeli str., Tbilisi, 0186, Georgia,
  tmars_at_geo.net.ge
• Institute for Sorption and Problems of
  Endoecology, Ukrainian National Academy of
  Sciences
• 13, General Naumov St., 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine,
  kir_at_i.kiev.ua

2
The basic sources of pollution of the Black sea
are

• From the rivers, which flow into the sea,
• From air during rain and without rain,
• The sources are on the surface of the sea
  (ships), in the volume and at the bottom of the
  sea.

3
Pollution of the Black sea through the rivers

• Unpurified drains of infectious hospitals and
  other medical institutions
• Application in agriculture of heightened doses of
  fertilizers and manure, which get into rivers
  during the rain.
• Unpurified domestic waste
• Dumps, where are found toxic substances, for
  example lead and plumbous materials (used
  accumulators)
• Industrial waste from enterprises without
  corresponding purification and at accidents.

4
The reason of existence of the problem Unpurifie
d drains of infectious hospitals and other
medical institutions

• Bad equipment for purification of waste water
• Bad technology for purification of waste water
• Problem with electric power
• Problems with chemicals

5
Solution of the problem Unpurified drains of
infectious hospitals and other medical
institutions

• The new technology, which is based on usage of
• Filters
• Membranes
• Ozone
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences
• Institute of Membranes

6
Solution of the problem Unpurified drains of
infectious hospitals and other medical
institutions
7
The reason of existence of the problem
Application in agriculture of heightened doses
of fertilizers and manure, which get into rivers
during the rain.

• Application of excessive quantity of fertilizer
• Absence of quality control of agricultural
  production
• Cutting down of forests for obtaining of fire
  wood
• (it results in soil erosion)
• Inclined plane of agricultural land areas
• (54 of total agricultural areas has angle gt
  30º)

8
Solution of the problem Application in
agriculture of heightened doses of fertilizers
and manure, which get into rivers during the
rain.

• The new technology, which is based on usage of
  worms Californian red
• It is possible to receive 100 kgs of protein and
  600 kgs of biohumus from one ton of manure
• LTD Eco-progress
• LTD Elkana

9
The reason of existence of the problem Unpurifie
d domestic waste

• Bad condition of a sewerage system
• Absence of purifying facilities
• Problems with the electric power

10
Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Usage of new materials for production of sewer
  pipes (sewer pipes from plastic, reinforced
  basalt fibre)
• Building of purifying facilities with usage of
  new technologies and new materials

11
Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic, reinforced basalt fibre

12
Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic, reinforced basalt fibre

13
Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic, reinforced basalt fibre

14
The reason of existence of the problem Dumps,
where are found toxic substances

• Absence of monitoring on dumps where may get
  toxic waste
• Imperfect technologies, leaving toxic waste
• Absence of factories on complex processing of
  waste, particularly plumbous

15
Solution of the problem Dumps, where are found
toxic substances

• Building of factories on processing of domestic
  garbage
• Building of factories on processing of toxic
  waste
• Building of factories for processing of used
  accumulators and for production of new
  accumulators
• - Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences

16
The reason of existence of the problem Industria
l waste from enterprises without corresponding
purification and at accidents

• Abandoned in dumps ore with toxic substances (for
  example As)
• Accidents on railway with spillage of oil in
  rivers
• Accidents on pipelines with spillage of oil in
  rivers

17
Solution of the problem Industrial waste from
enterprises without corresponding purification
and at accidents

• Development of technology on purification of
  industrial emissions from toxic components
• Development of technology on purification of
  water from oil
• Development of technologies on purification of
  industrial emissions from radionuclides and
  obtaining of pure potable water
• - Mining Institute, Academy of Sciences of
  Georgia
• - Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian
• Academy of Sciences

18
Solution of the problem Industrial waste from
enterprises without corresponding purification
and at accidents

• - Tbilisi State University

19
Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• The reason of existence of the problem
• Industrial emissions in atmosphere
• Exhaust gases of automobiles
• Soil erosion (up to 600 kg of soil is lost from
  one hectare of ground)
• Large-scale man-caused accidents of chemical
  enterprices

20
Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• The reason of
• existence of
• the problem

21
Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• Solution of the problem
  
• Application of ecologically pure technologies
  with waste purification
• Application of high quality fuel
• Improvement of technical condition of motor
  transport
• Transition of motor transport and sea transport
  on alternative or mixed fuel (natural gas,
  hydrogen, etc.)
• Application of modern agrotechnologies on control
  of soil erosion

22
The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships), in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• The reason of existence of the problem
• Tankers for oil transportation (ballast tanks)
• Accidents of tankers for oil transportation
• Accidents of ships with toxic load
• Chemical weapons drowned at the bottom of the sea
  (60 000 tons)
• H2S

23
The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships), in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• Solution of the problem
• Mathematical calculations of distribution of
  impurities on surface and in volume of the Black
  Sea.
• - Institute of Geophysics of Georgian Academy of
  Sciences
• Sorbents for absorption of oil spilled on the
  water surface
• Investigation of the problem. Possibility of
  application of H2S close to sources where
  concentration of H2S is high

24
The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships), in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• Solution of the problem
• Technology for obtaining of foam plastic having
  high sorption properties is developed (sorption
  capacity is from 2 up to 10 g/g, foam plastic is
  remarkable for cheapness, simplicity of
  production). By preliminary laboratory
  investigations extent of purification reaches
  almost 100.
• Proposed sorbents may be regenerated up to 10
  cycles. Used sorbents may be used in building and
  production of asphalt
• - Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of
  Georgian
• Academy of Sciences

25
Design of Amorphous Manganese Oxide Based
Composite Materials for Wastewater Purification

• STCU GR85 Project
• performed by
• Institute for Sorption and Problems of
  Endoecology (ISPE, Kiev, Ukraine)
• and
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry (IICE, Tbilisi, Georgia)

26
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Aims of the project
• Optimal design of composite amorphous manganese
  oxide based materials with prescribed absorption
  properties, and
• Employment of these materials in
• Water management
• Energy production
• Catalysis.

27
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Sorption of 90Sr and 235U as major radiotracer
  pollutants from drinkable water and wastewater
• Possible use of sorbents for sorption of other
  harmful cations (Cu2, Cd2, etc.).

28
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Effective mixed MnO2-TiO2 sorbents for Sr2
  enabling one to operate in neutral solutions
• Irradiated MnO2 based sorbents for Sr2 and Cu2
  cations.

29
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Substitution of the H ions of surface hydroxyl
  groups by Sr2 cations could be clearly uncovered
  by means of differential infrared spectroscopy.

30
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• The distribution coeffic-ients in neutral and
  acidic media are better than for the best
  commercially available sorbents
• The product is cheaper than the best commercially
  available sorbents
• Utilization of used sorbents can be performed by
  means of calcination at 400 ?C.

31
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Other significant results
• An ageing effect (an increase of the sorption
  capacity upon storage) has been discovered, which
  is caused by dehydration of samples and
  rearrangement of remaining hydroxyl groups
• Theoretical predictions and experimental proofs
  of the role of raw materials in the properties of
  materials obtained
• Theoretical models of the process of physical and
  chemical adsorption on the surface of an
  amorphous solid.

32
STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Dissemination of results
• Sorbents for Cu2 are to be tested at Madneuli
  plant (Georgia) in wastewater purification
  processes

33
Mail-list of Scientists and Institutions