Earths Interior

1
Chapter 1-1

• Earths Interior

2
Geologist

• Scientists who study the forces that make and
  shape planet Earth.
• Describe landforms, the features formed in rock
  and soil by water, wind, and waves.
• Search for clues about Earths history
• Rock material that forms Earths hard surface

3
Surface Change

• Constructive forces shape the surface by
  building up mountains and landmasses
• Destructive forces slowly wear away mountains
  and, eventually, every other feature on the
  surface
• Continent seven great land masses, surrounded
  by oceans

4
Finding Indirect Evidence

• Whats inside the Earth?
• Cant observe this directly
• Use seismic waves to study interior
• Seismic waves produced from earthquakes
• Geologists study how fast they travel through
  Earth and their paths

5
Journey to Center of Earth

• Temperature surrounding rock is initially cool,
  20 meters down begins getting warmer, for every
  40 meters after that the temperature rises 1
  degreeit gets very hot down there!
• Pressure The deeper you go, the pressure
  increases (this is the force pushing on a surface
  or area)

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Three Layers

• Crust, mantle, coreeach layer has its own
  conditions and materials.

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Crust

• Layer of rock that forms Earths outer skin
• Rocks and mountains, soil and water
• Thinnest beneath oceans and thickest beneath
  mountains
• Oceanic crust beneath the ocean (basalt-dense
  rock, dark, fine texture)
• Continental crust beneath the continents
  (granite-dense rock, light color, larger crystals
  than basalt)

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Mantle

• 5-40 kilometers
• Layer of hot rock
• Lithosphere upper mantle and crust
• Asthenophere below lithosphere hotter rock and
  higher pressure (increase with depth)
• Material is hot, soft, and bendable material
  can flow slowly
• Lithosphere floats on top of asthenosphere

9
Core

• Liquid outer core, solid inner core
• Outer core molten metal that surrounds inner
  core, enormous pressure, behaves like thick
  liquid
• Inner core dense ball of solid metal, extreme
  pressure
• Make up about 1/3 of Earths mass

10
Earths Magnetic Field

• Currents in the liquid outer core force the solid
  inner core to spin at a slightly faster rate than
  the rest of the planet.
• Currents create Earths magnetic field
• How a compass works