The French and Indian War

1
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Before and After
2
European Rivals

• Great Britain and France were great rivals
• and when they battled over issues in
• Europe they also fought in North America.

3
The French Colonies in North America

• The French colonists only included fur traders
  and Catholic priests who converted Native
  Americans.
• Their only permanents settlements were in Quebec
  and Montreal. They mainly set up trading posts.
• Most of the French colonists were there for only
  economic reasons. Native Americans trapped furs
  and traded them to the French who sold them in
  Europe.
• The French had a close relationship with the
  Algonquin who would help them in battles against
  other Native American groups.

4
The French and Indian War

• The French and Algonquin
• versus
• the English, the colonists and the Iroquois.
• The Cause
• The English challenged the French for the control
  of the Ohio River Valley.

5
George Washington and the Outbreak of the War.

• George Washington was sent to protect Virginia
  claims at Fort Duquesne.
• He was forced to surrender after killing 10
  Frenchman.
• This started the war!

6
How did the British win?

• At first the French won many battles. Then King
  George put William Pitt in charge. Pitt allied
  the English with the Iroquois.
• In addition
• The British had better prepared troops
• Better leaders

7
The End of the War

• The British captured Quebec, the capital of New
  France.
• The war ends with England and France signing the
  Treaty of Paris (1763).

8
Proclamation of 1763

• As a result of the war, England claims control of
  the Ohio River Valley.
• Ottawa leader, Pontiac, feared that they would be
  threatened by large numbers of English settlers.
• Pontiac was also worried that they no longer had
  their French ally.
• Proclamation of 1763 To avoid further conflicts
  with Native Americans the British banned all
  settlements west of the Appalachians by
  colonists.

9
The Effects Great Britain

• Gains
• the region of Canada
• all of North America east of the Mississippi.
• Losses
• Lives
• The colonists respect
• A good deal of money

10
The Effects The Colonies

• Gains
• Access to what had been French territories but
  NOT to the areas guaranteed to the Ottowas in the
  Proclamation.
• Loses
• Lives
• Increased taxes to pay off Britains war debts.
• Some rights commonly held by British subjects.

11
The Effects France

• Gains
• Nothing
• Loses
• Lives
• All of their American territory east of the
  Mississippi except for a few small islands.

12
The Effects The Native Americans

• Gains
• Proclamation of 1763 but only for the Ottowans
  NOT the Algonquians or Iroqouis.
• Loses
• Lives
• The aid and friendship of the French.
• Protection against the British.

13

• Who lost the most in this war?
• Who gained the most?
• How did this war affect the colonists
  relationship with England?