Physical Artifacts and Their Representation

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Physical Artifacts and Their Representation
InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Dr. Jeremy Rowe Associate Director Institute
for Computing and Information Sciences and
Engineering Partnership for Research in Spatial
Modeling
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Increasing Use of 3D and N-Dimensional Data At
Virtually Every Scale from Molecular to
Universal
Many-body simulations of cell movement
Volumetric modeling of cloud formation
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
Original And Derived Data Broad Range of Content
and Contexts Rich in Scope and Variety Exponential
ly More Complex Than Text Incrementally More
Complex Than Images
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Primary Source vs Derived Data Modeled Or
Researcher Modified (Simplified, Segmented,
Etc.) Need For Audit Trails, Version Control,
Snapshots, Research Trail Documentation,
Annotations
Morphology/Symmetry
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Some Are Digital Surrogates, Others are Unique
Digital Objects that can be Representations of
Real Objects, or Unique Creations
Feature Extraction/Comparison
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Range of Multi Dimensional Components of
Interest Textual/Numeric Data,
Scalar Data, Registration/Orientation,
Resolution, Point Clouds, Meshes,
Triangles/Quadrangles/Polygons, Splines,
NURBS, Vectors, Surfaces, Segments,
Regions, Features, Textures,
Volumes, Polyhedra, Hierarchies, Lighting,
Shading/Fills, Coloring, Transparency,
Cameras, Viewpoints, Transforms, 3D
Emulations Using 2D Images (QTVR)
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Motion Data Vectors, Animations, Time
Series Processing Modeling, Decimation,
Smoothing, Segmentation, Extraction,
Transformations, Compression, Rendering, Data
Conversions/Pre-or Post Processing
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Tools Statistical, Curvature, Spatial or
Volumetric Summarization/Comparison, Scenarios or
Simulations, Viewers, Interactive Capabilities
(viewing, modification, comparison/analysis) Disp
lays Data Models and Visualizations,
Scenegraphs, Viewpoints, Perspective, Level of
Resolution/Level of Detail Metadata Source,
Location, Data, Time, Orientation, Version,
Capture Technique, Resolution, Data Format, Pre-
Post Processing, Compression, Linkages
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Little Standardization within Disciplines, Less
Across Disciplines in Terms of Technical format
such as resolution or sampling rate, decimation
or other processing techniques used, bit-depth or
rate, file size and type, compression,
etc. Metadata including descriptive
(cataloging, rights management, etc.),
structural, and administrative components Interac
tion and display interface (design, vocabulary
for query and interaction, data displayed,
viewing tools, encoding and transmission,
etc. Digital asset management and preservation
of the data.
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Range of Formats - Examples Confocal
Microscopes CAT/MRI Scanners Laser Scanners 3D
Digitizers Motion Capture/Tracking Stereo
Photogrammetry Stereo Range Data SAR/LIDAR GPR
Computer Generated CAD/Cam Modeling/Rendering
Animation Simulations/Immersive
Environments Environmental and Other
Sensors GIS/Mapping Satellite
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Examples of Non-Motion Formats AC3D 3D
models 3DS - The 3D Studio Format MLI - 3D
Studio's Material-Library Format BYU - Movie
BYU file format DEM - USGS Standards for
Digital Elevation Models DXF - Used by
Autodesk's AutoCAD FIG - Used by
REND386/AVRIL FLT - MulitGen Inc.'s
OpenFlight format GLC - File format
information HDF - Hierarchical Data Format
IGES - Initial Graphics Exchange Specification
IV - Open Inventor File Format Info LWLO
- Lightwave 3D Layered Object LWOB -
Lightwave 3D Object LWSC - Lightwave 3D Scene
MAZ - Used by Division's dVS/dVISE MGF -
Materials and Geometry Format
MSDL - Manchester Scene Description Language NFF
ENFF - (Extended) Neutral File Format NFF -
Scene description language by Eric Haines NFF -
Used by Sense8's WorldToolKit ENFF - Extensions
to Eric Haines' NFF OBJ - Wavefront Object Files
OFF - A 3D mesh Object File Format OOGL -
Object Oriented Graphics Library PLG - Used by
REND386/AVRIL POV - Persistence of Vision
ray-tracer QD3D - Apple's QuickDraw 3D Metafile
format STL Stereo Lithography TDDD - Used by
Imagine Turbo Silver ray-tracers VIZ - Used by
Division's dVS/dVISE VRML - Virtual Reality
Modeling Language WLD - Used by REND386/AVRIL
Examples of Motion Formats MPEG - Moving
Picture Expert Group QuickTime - Info on
QuickTime Movies FLI/FLC - Autodesk's Flic
Animation format AVI - Microsoft's Audio
Video Interleave format
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InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.
Much Custom Code for Capture Modeling/Visuali
zation Rendering/Display Navigation Compressio
n Analysis
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Conceptual Model of a 3D Digital Library
Acquisition
Representation
Access and Interaction
Analysis
Archiving
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Triangular Mesh
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Surface Modeling
Fitting a Modeled, Measurable IsoSurface (using
Cyberware Geomagic and PRISM Software)
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Enhancement Thresholding
Original image
Enhanced image
Line extraction by thresholding
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3D Facial Recognition Uses curvature
distribution, segmentation, and 3D feature
extraction to provide greater accuracy and
reliability than 2D pixel-based techniques.
Recognizes and compares curvature in unique
biometric areas that define each human face. Is
less sensitive to added make-up or facial hair
than 2D image-based techniques.
Curvature Distribution
Wire Frame Model
PRISM Feature Segmentation
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DNA in Fertilized Mouse Egg

• Through the Cell Biology Pilot project, we
  applied computer algorithms that enabled us to
  obtain more information from confocal microscope
  images.

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Uses for HPC

• Exploring the low frequency motions in a
  macromolecule.
• Study the role the role of structural
  flexibility, function and assembly in large
  molecular structures such as virus capsids.

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Observations and Modeling of Orographic Cumulus
Development
Edge Detection
Volume Modeling
Research Interface
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Native American Ceramic Vessels

• Digital collections to analyze shape, morphology,
  manufacturing techniques, improve measurement
  accuracy, permit objective comparison of objects,
  document before repatriation.

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Bone Surfaces and Forensics

• Digital collections to analyze shape, structure,
  morphology, improve measurement accuracy, permit
  objective comparison of objects, and to identify
  unique individuals.

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3D Handwriting Analysis Transfer functions and
algorithms extract chain code and parametrized
curves to create 3D volume models of ink and
stroke representations from 2D characters.
(other applications include forensics, and image
analysis problems)
Extraction applied to manuscript
Extraction applied to Rubric
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(NSF)
Base 3D Architectural model from initial
proof-of-concept scans of Fire Temple. Scan
accuracy of point cloud model is within
Multi-resolution model depicting Digital
Elevation Map (DEM) with topographic overlay and
multi-resolution laser scans from Cliff Palace
Mock-up of Interactive 3D Archive Interface
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Why LADAR?

• High Resolution and Data Rich
• Angular Resolution Of Imaging Infrared (0.1 mrad)
• Range Resolution Of Synthetic Aperture Radar
  (0.25 - 0.5 ft)
• 3-D Information (Angle-Angle-Range)
• Signature Stability
• Physical Dimensions of Target
• Independent of Weather, Temperature, Atmospherics

• Simplified Mission Planning
• Single Reference, Independent of
• Attack Aspect
• Easily Adaptable to Navigation Functions
• Landmark Updates, Obstacle Avoidance
• ATR Enabler
• Robust Detection, Classification, Identification
• High Countermeasure Resistance
• Target Detection Under Foliage / Camouflage

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Automated 3D Target Recognition Partnership for
Research in Spatial ModelingArizona State
University
Hierarchical Feature Segmentation System that
automatically extracts vehicle signatures from 3D
data using geometric and topological properties
such as curvatures, crest lines, surface areas,
volumes, and minimal bounding boxes.
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Range of Projects
Feature Extraction/Comparison
Morphology/Symmetry
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Population Indicator
Surface
Bedrock
Bedrock/Water Table (enlarged)
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End
InCISE INSTITUTE for COMPUTING and INFORMATION
SCIENCES and ENGINEERING
InCISE is a collaboration of interdisciplinary
research units that share research expertise in
Computer and Information Science.