IDK0040 Vrgurakendused I harjutus 01: Introduction

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IDK0040 Võrgurakendused Iharjutus
01Introduction

• Deniss Kumlander

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Info

• http//www.w3schools.com/
• Lisa
• http//www.ttu.ee/it/vorgutarkvara/wav3080
• http//philip.greenspun.com/seia/

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HTML Tags

• HTML tags are used to mark-up HTML elements
• HTML tags are surrounded by the two characters lt
  and gt
• The surrounding characters are called angle
  brackets
• HTML tags normally come in pairs like ltbgt and
  lt/bgt
• The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the
  second tag is the end tag
• The text between the start and end tags is the
  element content it can be a text or a set of
  other html elements
• HTML tags are not case sensitive, ltbgt means the
  same as ltBgt
• At the same time we should use the lower case to
  meet standards!
• Besides we will agree to have a well-formed
  document i.e
• Close tags in the reverse order to opening
• For example if we start ltbgtltigt then we should end
  lt/igtlt/bgt (not lt/bgtlt/igt)
• Always close tags

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• lthtmlgt
• lt/htmlgt

ltheadgt lt/headgt
lttitlegtHelp desklt/titlegt
ltbodygt My computer just told me that I had
completed an illegal operation, and I'm not even
a doctor.lt/bodygt
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HTML Attributes

• Tags can have attributes, which provides extra
  information about how the tag (HTML element)
  behaves/displays etc. on the page.
• For example we can add into the body tag an
  attribute specifying that the background color of
  the body (i.e. document in web browser) should we
  red
• ltbody bgcolor"red"gt.
• Attributes always come in name/value pairs like
  this name"value".
• Attributes are always added to the start tag of
  an HTML element.

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Quote Styles, "red" or 'red'?

• Attribute values should always be enclosed in
  quotes. Double style quotes are the most common,
  but single style quotes are also allowed.
• In some rare situations, like when the attribute
  value itself contains quotes, it is necessary to
  use single quotes
• name'John "ShotGun" Nelson'

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BODY Attributes

• ltbody bgcolor"CCFFCC"gt
• ltbody backgroundabc.gif"gt
• ltbody bgpropertiesFIXED gt

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Headings

• Headings are defined with the lth1gt to lth6gt tags.
  lth1gt defines the largest heading. lth6gt defines
  the smallest heading.
• lth1gtThis is a headinglt/h1gt
• lth2gtThis is a headinglt/h2gt
• lth3gtThis is a headinglt/h3gt
• lth4gtThis is a headinglt/h4gt
• lth5gtThis is a headinglt/h5gt
• lth6gtThis is a headinglt/h6gt

HTML automatically adds an extra blank line
before and after a heading.
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Some more

• Paragraphs
• Paragraphs are defined with the ltpgt tag.
• ltpgtThis is a paragraphlt/pgt
• Line Breaks
• The ltbr /gt tag is used when you want to end a
  line, but don't want to start a new paragraph.
• Comments
• lt!-- This is a comment --gt
• For example you can comment out some html parts
  (here a paragraph)
• lt!--pgtText is herelt/p--gt

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Useful Tips

• When you write HTML text, you can never be sure
  how the text is displayed in another browser.
  Some people have large computer displays, some
  have small
• HTML will truncate the spaces in your text. Any
  number of spaces count as one.
• Therefore you can have a visual structure
  inside html doc using tabs etc
• lthtmlgt
• ltbodygt
• lt/bodygt
• lt/htmlgt
• Web browser see lthtmlgtltbodygtlt/bodygtlt/htmlgt
• Using empty paragraphs ltpgt to insert blank lines
  is a bad habit. Use the ltbr /gt tag instead.
• You might have noticed that paragraphs can be
  written without the closing tag lt/pgt. Don't rely
  on it. The next version of HTML will not allow
  you to skip ANY closing tags.