Hate Crimes

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Hate Crimes

• Products of an Unequal Society
• Dr. Alfred R. DAnca

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What will we learn?

• The Meaning of Hate Crime.
• The Extent of the Problem.
• What Causes Hate Crime?
• Some Controversial Questions and Issues.

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Hate Crime Its Meaning

• What do you think Hate Crime is?

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Motivation

• Not What Is Done
• but
• Why It is Done!

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What is Missing?

• a violent act committed against a
• person, property, or organization that
• are different from the offender in
• race, color, heritage, or religion.

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• motivation to violence against a person
• based on sexual orientation, gender,
• disability.

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Hate Crime Its Social Dimension
Differences Breed Violence
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Social Differences

Race Disability Heritage Religion Ge
nder Sex Preference
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What is the Problem?

• Differences between people or
• social groups - - or the
• way we view those differences?

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More Than a Personal Matter

• Why is it difficult to value different
• groups equally?

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The Power Of Culture

• What is the American Dream?
• How is it achieved?

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The Dream

• More than money!
• Equal . . . Recognition . . . Opportunities
• . . . Self-Worth

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Victims of Hate Crimes

• Active Precipitators
• or
• Passive Precipitators

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Victims The Consequences

• Who suffers more severe psychological effects?
• Victims of bias or non-bias motivated assaults?

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Reporting Hate Crimes

• The Problem of Adaptive Bias

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The Extent of the Problem

• In 2001
• 11,451 bias motivated incidents
• 68 against people
• Intimidation

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• In 2001, of all reported biased incidents
• 45 based on RACE
• 19 based on RELIGION
• 14 based on SEX ORIENTATION
• 22 based on ETHNICITY/HERITAGE
• U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice
  Statistics

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Beyond the Klu Klux Klan

• More than 500 hate groups - -
• Aryan Nations
• Neo-Nazis
• Skin-heads
• The Order
• .

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Where Do Hate Crimes Occur?

• In/on residential properties 31
• In highways, roads, alleys 18
• In schools, colleges 10

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• http//i.abcnews.com/sections/us/DailyNews/hatecri
  mes980611.html

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Causes of Hate Crimes

• Some Theoretical Views

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LEARNED

• Direct or Vicarious
• The more hateful behavior is rewarded, the more
  it will continue.

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SYMBOLIC INTERACTION

• What a group values and rewards,
• its members will follow.
• Disdain and violence will breed disdain and
  violence.

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BEING BONDED

• Being loyal to a groups rules and
• attitudes about targets.

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Who is the Hate Crime Offender?A Profile

• Socially isolated
• Persona non grata by conventional standards
• Low self-esteem
• Wants to belong

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Issues and Controversies of Hate Crimes

• Something to think about

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Is There Really a Need for Hate Crime Laws?

• Arent laws already on the books enough?
• Is there a difference between violence and hate?
• Is violent crime motivated by bias more serious
  than crime without bias?

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A Question

• Is hate a necessary
• product of a free society?

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Deep-seated Dimensions

• Hate is only foiled not when the haters
• are punished but when the hated are
• immune to the bigots power.
• What do you think?

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Moral ResponsibilityMore than a Private Matter

• Who is responsible?
• The Hater
• The Community

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Are Longer Sentences for Bias Constitutional?

• Civil Liberties (Freedom of Speech)
• v/s
• Civil Rights (Freedom from Prejudice)

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Do Hate Crime Laws Really Confront Racism?
Well, do they?
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The End