Jefferson, Madison,

1
Jefferson, Madison, Monroe

• Chapters 11 12
• Gab Chrissy

2
Jeffersonian Revolution of 1800

• Jefferson won the election of 1800, marking the
  end of Federalist Era and Party peaceful
  transition of parties
• Determined to undo Federalist abuses-
  Neutralization law of 1802 reduced the
  requirement of 14 years of residence, got rid of
  excise tax
• Left Hamiltons (a federalist) framework
  basically intact- Bank US, assuming Rev. war
  debts of states, mild protective tariff
• Reduced military navy

3
Louisiana Purchase

• 1803- Jefferson sent James Monroe to Paris to
  meet Robert Livingston to buy New Orleans as
  much land east as he could for max o f 10
  million
• Napoleon thought that strengthening US would
  cripple Britain so he sold Louisiana (New Orleans
  land to the west) to US for 15 million
• 1804- Lewis Clark sent to explore the purchase
  (Sacagawea)
• Louisiana Purchase strengthened national Unity

4
Embargo

• Renewal of war between England France ? seizure
  of merchant ships closing of ports
• Warring European nations depended heavily on US
  for raw materials foodstuffs
• America had a policy of neutrality weakened
  armed forces at this time
• As an alternative to war Jefferson thought it
  wise to cut off its exports, forcing France
  England to bow
• Embargo Act of 1807- stopped all US exports
• Hurt American commerce led to unemployment but
  boosted American factory production
• Repealed in 1809. Non-Intercourse Act reopened
  trade with all nations except England France
  until 1812

5
James Madison

• Jefferson left office after his second term
  favored nomination of Madison
• Madison won election of 1808, inaugurated just as
  climax in Europe reached climax

6
War of 1812
Causes

• Impressment of American sailors
  
• British Orders in Council dammed up shipment of
  US
  agricultural products
• British supplying Indians with arms
• Declaration of War in June 1812- New Englanders
  Federalists resented it so the US plunged into
  war perilously divided
• One of Americas worst fought wars- disunity
  inadequate army
• 1814 5 Americans met with British enjoys to
  negotiate, Americans rejected their terms, but
  Britain was preoccupied with European affairs
• Treaty of Ghent signed in 1814, an armistice,
  both sides agreed to stop fighting- virtual draw

7
Effects of the War

• Showed other nations US would not stand for
  things it saw as wrong- developed new respect for
  American fighting prowess
• Revealed folly of sectional disunity
• Indians had no choice but to relinquish their
  land north of Ohio River
• Manufacturing prospered making US less dependent
  on Europe
• Revived and intensified bitterness toward England
• Heightened nationalism after war
• Army expanded again

8
James Monroe

• Won election of 1816
• The phrase Era of Good Feelings commonly used
  to describe Monroe administration
• But trouble in later years- issues of tariff,
  bank, sale of public lands
• Sectionalism conflict over slavery growing

9
Growing West

• Over speculation in frontier lands led to Panic
  of 1819- deflation, depression, bankruptcies,
  bank failure, unemployment.
• Missouri Compromise
• Missouri wanted to be admitted as a slave state
  in 1819, but that would disrupt the balance
• 1820 Congress agreed to admit Missouri as a
  slave state but admitted Maine as a free state to
  keep the balance
• Congress also forbid slavery in the remaining
  territories
• Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819 Spain ceded Fl.
  parts of Oregon

10
Monroe Doctrine

• 1823 British foreign secretary made proposition
  that US combine with Britain in a joint
  declaration renouncing any interest in acquiring
  Latin American territory
• Americans questions Britains motives
• Monroe Doctrine(1823) stern warning to European
  powers- noncolonization nonintervention
• European monarchs angered at Monroe Doctrine but
  couldnt do anything- if they invaded Americas
  they would be helpless against Britains powerful
  navy
• Doctrine proved to be most famous offspring of
  nationalism of time period