Coaches Education

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Coaches Education
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NCHSAA Component of Coaches Education

• Hazing
• Risk Management
• Performance Enhancing Substances
• Polices
• Eligibility
• Skill Development

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WCPSS Board Policy on Hazing

• According to Wake County Public School System
  Board Policy 6420.2, hazing is prohibited. No
  group or individual shall require a student to
  wear abnormal dress, play abusive or ridiculous
  tricks on him/her, frighten, scold, beat, harass,
  or subject him/her to personal indignity. Note
  The Board of Education is required to expel any
  student convicted of hazing under NC Criminal
  Statute 14-35.

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What is Hazing?
Definition
Hazing occurs when an act is committed against a
student, or a student is coerced into committing
an act that creates a substantial risk or harm to
the student or any third party in order for the
student to be initiated into, or affiliated with
any school group, club, athletic team or grade
level.
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High School Hazing Report
Source Summary

• Alfred University, Alfred, New York 2000
• www.alfred.edu/news/html/hazing_study.html
• Hazing is prevalent among high school students.
• All high school students who join groups are at
  risk of hazing.
• Hazing hurts children, emotionally and
  physically.
• Hazing starts young.
• Adults share responsibility.
• Students do not distinguish between fun and
  hazing.

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Hazing is Prevalent.

• 48 percent of students who belong to groups
  reported being subject to hazing.
• 43 percent reported being subjected to
  humiliating activities.
• 30 percent reported performing potentially
  illegal acts as part of their initiation.

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Students at Risk

• Both female and male students reported high
  levelsbut males at highest risk for dangerous
  hazing.
• The lower the students GPA, greater the risk for
  hazing.
• All groups at risk e.g., 24 percent of students
  in church groups subjected to hazing activities.

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Hazing Hurts

• 71 percent of students subjected to hazing
  reported negative consequences.
• Consequences included fighting, injury, doing
  poorly in school, hurting others, having
  difficulty eating or sleeping, and feeling angry
  or guilty.

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Hazing starts young.

• 25 percent of those who reported being hazed were
  first hazed before age 13.
• Dangerous hazing as prevalent among high school
  (22) as among college athletes (21).
• Substance abuse in hazing is prevalent in high
  school (23) and increases in college (51).

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Adults share responsibility.

• Students are more likely to be hazed if they knew
  an adult who was hazed.
• Students said they would not report hazing
  primarily because Theres no one to tell
  (36)or Adults dont handle it right (27)

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Trouble distinguishing between fun and hazing

• Only 14 percent labeled the behavior hazing yet
  48 described participating in activity meeting
  definition of hazing.
• 29 said they did things that were potentially
  illegal in order to join a group.
• Most said that dangerous or potentially illegal
  activities were fun and exciting.

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Hazing Myths

Hazing is a problem only in fraternities/sororitie
s. Fact
Hazing is no more than foolish pranks gone wrong.
Fact
Its a good way to teach respect. Fact
If everybody consents to it, it cant be hazing.
Fact
If no malice, no harm. Fact
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Not just for fraternities

• Hazing is a societal problem.
• It happens in the military, athletic teams,
  marching bands, religious cults, professional
  schools and other organizations.
• Reports of hazing in high school are on the rise.

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Not just pranks gone wrong.

• Hazing is an act of power and control.
• It is pre-meditated.
• It is not accidental.
• It can be abusive, humiliating and even
  life-threatening.

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Intent isnt the issue.

• Even if there is no malicious intent, safety
  may be a factor.
• Serious accidents have occurred during scavenger
  hunts and kidnapping trips.
• If there is intent to commit the illegal or
  dangerous act, we didnt mean to hurt anyone
  wont get anybody off the liability hook.

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Hazing doesnt teach respect.

• Respect is earned.
• Victims of hazing rarely report having respect
  for those who have hazed them.
• Hazing breeds mistrust, apathy, and alienation.

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Consent isnt a defense.

• Many states have laws against hazingconsent of
  the victim is not allowed as a defense in those
  states.
• It may not be true consent considering peer
  pressure and influence.

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Hazing Facts

• It is a societal issue.
• It is not just pranks.
• It does not increase respect or team spirit.
• Intent doesnt change the impact.

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Hazing Examples

• Physical Punishment
• Ingesting substances
• Alcohol or drug use
• Participation in potentially dangerous
  activities
• Actions of sexual nature
• Activity that subjects a student to an extreme
  and unreasonable level of embarrassment or
  humiliation
• Activity involving violation of law or school
  district policies and regulations

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Physical punishment

• Paddling
• Whipping
• Branding
• Electric shock
• Sleep deprivation
• Placement of harmful substances on body

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Ingesting Substances

• The Fear Factor hazing
• Substances may be repulsive such as bugs, worms,
  raw meat, animal entrails, etc.
• Substances may be relatively harmless but the
  manner of ingesting is the issuee.g., licking
  whipped cream off of an animal

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Alcohol or Drug Use

• Any consumption of alcohol
• Illegal drug consumption
• Legal drug consumption (e.g., cold medicine,
  etc.)

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Dangerous Activities

• Scavenger Hunts (requires close supervision)
• Automobile stunts
• Potentially dangerous locations
• Requiring attempts to incite violence (e.g.,
  taunting others)

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Sexual Activities

• Includes actual sexual activities and simulations
  of sexual activities
• Pornographyobtaining or participating
• Acts involving sexual humiliation

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Embarrassment Humiliation

• Subjective standard
• Focus on impact
• Broad range of activities can be included
• Developmental level of students taken into
  consideration

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Law or Policy Violations

• Any activity involving a violation of federal,
  state or local law
• Any activity involving violation of school
  district policies or regulations

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What can be done?

• Recognize the problem.
• Establish and communicate policies.
• Educate all parties Educate.
• Be consistent in application of policies.
• Encourage alternatives.

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Recognition

• Learn about hazingdefinitions, examples, impact.
• Call hazing what it is.
• Dont wait for a complaint to take action.
• Demonstrate leadership.

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Policies

• Have an effective policy define the problem
  give examples establish expectations and
  consequences.
• Communicate the policy annually.
• Have ways for people to report suspected hazing.

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Educate

• Teachers and Coaches Policies, recognition,
  complaint procedures
• All Staff Members
• Students
• Parents
• Community
• Coaches find alternative Team Building Activities

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Consistency

• Hazing isnt just about athletics or a few
  visible groups.
• Dont ignore a problem because they are only
  grade schoolers or the girls didnt realize it
  was hazing
• Include consistency expectations n your education
  of students and parents to avoid surprises.

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Encourage Alternatives

• Help students find appropriate ways to build
  group cohesiveness and team identity.
• Let the students lead the effort.
• Provide a safe sounding board for student ideas.
• Make appropriate suggestions for building group
  identity.

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RISK MANAGEMENT IN ATHLETICS
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NEGLIGENCE

• FAILURE TO EXERCISE REASONABLE CARE IN THE
  EXECUTION OF ASSIGNED DUTIES.
• COMMISSION-
• DID SOMETHING YOU SHOULDNT HAVE DONE.
• OMMISSION-
• DIDNT DO SOMETHING YOU WERE SUPPOSED TO DO AND
  DIDNT.

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14 DUTIES RELATED TO NEGLIGENCE

• DUTY TO PLAN .
• DUTY TO SUPERVISE.
• DUTY TO ASSESS ATHLETES READINESS FOR PRACTICE
  AND COMPETITION.
• DUTY TO MAINTAIN SAFE PLAYING CONDITIONS.
• DUTY TO PROVIDE PROPER EQUIPMENT.
• DUTY TO INSTRUCT PROPERLY.
• DUTY TO MATCH ATHLETES.

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14 DUTIES RELATED TO NEGLIGENCE

• DUTY TO CONDITION PROPERLY.
• DUTY TO WARN.
• DUTY TO ENSURE ATHLETES ARE COVERED BY INJURY
  INSURANCE.
• DUTY TO PROVIDE EMERGENCY CARE.
• DUTY TO DEVELOP AN EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN.
• DUTY TO PROVIDE PROPER TRANSPORTATION.
• DUTY TO SELECT, TRAIN, AND SUPERVISE COACHES.

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ELEMENTS REQUIRED TO PROVE NEGLIGENCE

• HAD A DUTY THAT WAS NOT FULFILLED.
• BREACHED (failed to perform) THE DUTY THROUGH
  COMMISSION OF DANGEROUS ACT OR OMMISSION OF A
  REQUIRED SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITY.
• THE BREACHED DUTY WAS THE PROXIMATE CAUSE OF AN
  INJURY.
• THE PLAINTIFF EXPERIENCED ACTUAL LOSS OR DAMAGE.