The War in the Pacific

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The War in the Pacific
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After Pearl Harbor

• Japanese attacked American bases on Wake Island
  and Guam
• Clark Airfield in the Philippines-Gen. Douglas
  MacArthur was forced to leave

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Philippines Fall

• Japanese invaded the Philippines
• Bataan Death March-to prisoner of war camps
• 6-12 day march
• 15,000 were killed on the march

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War at Sea

• 3 important carriers were away during the attack
  at Pearl Harbor
• Lexington, Enterprise, Saratoga

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Doolittle Raids

• General James Doolittle
• Counterattack Japanese at Tokyo
• Shocked Japan
• Bolstered American confidence

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Battle of the Coral Sea

• Japan close to invading Australia
• 5 day battle
• More than half their planes were lost
• Lexington was destroyed
• Yorktown badly damaged
• Battle was a draw
• Japanese were prevented from invading Australia

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Battle of Midway 4-7 June 1942

• Marked the point where the US took control of the
  Pacific
• 4 Japanese fleet carriers were lost as opposed to
  only 1 US carrier
• Base was damaged but remained operation, and was
  a vital component in US victory over Japan

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Battle of Guadalcanal

• U.S. took offensive
• Japanese were building an airfield there
• Marines landed on the island
• Jungle warfare
• 5 months later the U.S. took control of the island

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Battle of Leyte Gulf

• Greatest battle in naval history
• 280 warships (U.S)
• Japan used almost its entire navy to the battle
• Kamikaze pilots were first used
• U.S. was victorious

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Kamikaze Planes
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Iwo Jima

• February 1945
• Japanese fully entrenched on the volcanic island
• Took nearly 1 month for the Marines to take it
• US Casualties 25,000
• 27 Medals of Honor were given
• Iwo Jima Inside the Battle 1 of 5
• YouTube - Iwo Jima Inside the Battle

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• YouTube - Iwo Jima Inside the Battle 3 of 5
• YouTube - Iwo Jima Inside the Battle 4 of 5
• YouTube - Iwo Jima Inside the Battle 5 of 5

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Battle of Okinawa

• April-June 1945
• 1300 warships were used by the Americans
• 100,000 Japanese
• 180,000 US troops
• 2,000 kamikaze pilots

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Contd

• Banzai charges Japanese soldiers tried to kill
  as many men as they could before they were killed
• 7,200 Japanese remained on the island
• 50,000 Allied casualties

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The Atomic Bomb
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History

• 1939 Einstein urged Pres. Roosevelt to build a
  bomb based on atomic research
• Created the Manhattan Project secret government
  program to create an atomic bomb
• Top scientists worked on it
• Ran from 1942-1946

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Testing the Bomb

• 7/16/1945 1st bomb tested at Trinity Site in New
  Mexico.
• Potsdam Declaration Japan needs to surrender
  unconditionally or face the consequences.

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• We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim
  now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese
  armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate
  assurances of their good faith in such action.
  The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter
  destruction.
• July 26, 1945

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The Decision

• August 6, 1945 The first bomb, Little Boy
  dropped on Hiroshima.
• YouTube - Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Video

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August 9, 1945

• 2nd bomb Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki

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V-J Day

• August 15, 1945 Allies announce Japan
  surrendered
• 9/2/ 1945 Japan formally signed a surrender
  treaty on board the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay