HYGIENE OF THE CLIENT

1

• UNIT IV
• HYGIENE OF THE CLIENT
• ACROSS
• THE LIFE SPAN

2

• HYGIENE
• The study of health and ways of preserving health
• Provides comfort and relaxation, improves
  self-image, and promotes cleanliness and healthy
  skin
• Part of safety issues in that proper hygiene
  protects the client against disease
• Nurses are responsible for ensuring the clients
  hygiene needs are met

3

• FACTORS INFLUENCING HYGIENE PRACTICES
• Body Image
• Perception of physical self appearance,
  function, and ability
• Linked to attitude, mood, emotions, and values
• Directly affects practice of personal hygiene
• LPNs responsibility Assist the client to
  maintain pre-illness level of hygiene and
  personal preferences

4
Factors Influencing Hygiene Practices (Cont)

• Personal preferences
• Include
• Timing of bath
• Products used for bathing
• How bathing is performed
• LPNs responsibility Individualized nursing care
  that incorporates clients personal hygiene
  preferences

5
Factors Influencing Hygiene Practices (Cont)

• Social and Cultural Practices
• Derived from family, religious and personal
  values developed during maturation
• Hygiene practices learned during early childhood
  and later influenced by socialization outside the
  family
• Various cultural backgrounds have differing
  hygiene practices
• LPNs responsibility
• Maintaining nonjudgemental attitude when
  assessing or providing hygiene care to clients
  from different social or cultural backgrounds

6
Cultural Considerations

• Some cultures do not permit women to submerge
  their bodies in water during menstruation fear
  that she may drown
• North Americans typically bathe daily and use
  deodorant products
• Many Europeans do not bathe daily or use
  deodorant products

7
Factors Influencing Hygiene Practices (Cont)

• Knowledge
• Influences understanding of relationship between
  hygiene and health
• To practice basic hygiene, client must be
  motivated and believe they are capable of
  self-care
• LPNs responsibility
• Providing necessary education about hygiene
• Performing hygiene care until client able to
  perform himself

8
Factors Influencing Hygiene Practices (Cont)

• Socioeconomic status
• Limited economic resources affect frequency,
  extent and type of hygiene practiced
• Client may not be able to afford soap, shampoo,
  toothpaste, and deodorants
• LPNs responsibility
• Advocate for client contact social services for
  referrals to community agencies

9
Factors Influencing Hygiene Practices (Cont)

• Developmental Stage
• Infant
• Child
• Adult
• Older Adult

10
NURSING PROCESS

• ASSESSMENT
• Collection, organization, validation, and
  recording of data about clients current health
  status
• Includes subjective and objective data
• Used to formulate nursing diagnosis
• OUTCOME/PLANNING
• Nurse and client choose desired outcomes
• Outcomes should be realistic and measurable goals
  specific to client
• Interventions are meant to achieve the client
  outcomes associated with each nursing diagnosis

11
NURSING PROCESS (cont)

• IMPLEMENTATION
• Nurse communicates plan of care to other members
  of health care team and carries out interventions
  indicated on the plan or delegates them to others
• Record care given and clients response

12
NURSING PROCESS (cont)

• EVALUATION
• After implementing plan of care, clients health
  status is compared with desired outcomes
• Determined if interventions were helpful in
  achieving outcomes and revises care plan if needed

13
NURSING DIAGNOSIS

• Formulated by RN after collection and analysis of
  data
• Main nursing diagnosis related to hygiene is
• Self-care deficit which exists when client is
  not able to perform one or more activities of
  daily living bathing/hygiene,
  dressing/grooming, or toileting

14
NURSING INTERVENTIONS

• BATHING
• Essential component of nursing care
• Nurse responsible for ensuring hygiene needs of
  client
• Types of Baths
• Cleansing Baths
• Shower Nurse may provide some assistance
• Tub Clients with physical limitation may need
  assistance
• Self-Help Nurse prepares bath equipment and
  assists in washing difficult to reach areas
• Complete Bed Bath Nurse washes clients entire
  body
• Partial Bath Nurse may provide partial bath
  depending on clients self-care abilities

15
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• Therapeutic Baths
• Must have a physicians order which includes
• Type of bath
• Body surface to be treated
• Temperature of water
• Type of medicated solutions to be used

16
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• PERINEAL CARE
• Prevents or eliminates infection and odor
• Promotes healing
• Removes secretions
• Provides comfort
• Provided as part of bath or seperately
• Nurse is responsible for providing perineal care
  in a professional and private manner if client is
  unable to do so

17
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• HAIR CARE
• Brushing/Combing Should be done everyday
• Shampooing Performed according to clients
  routine
• Shaving Performed before, during or after a bath
• Do not cut clients hair or shave mustache/beard
  without written consent from client

18
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• Oral Care
• Brushing teeth
• Promotes blood circulation in gums and removes
  plaque and food debris
• Denture Care
• Brushed same as teeth.
• Clean oral cavity of client who wears dentures

19
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• FOOT/TOENAIL CARE
• Proper foot/toenail care necessary for standing
  and ambulation
• May result from improperly fitting shoes,
  inadequate foot/toenail hygiene, incorrect nail
  trimming, and exposure to harsh chemicals
• May cause loss of skin integrity and potential
  for infection
• Hygiene of feet/toenails includes regular
  cleaning, rinsing and drying trimming toenails
  cleaning under toenails and wearing properly
  fitted shoes

20
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• EYE, EAR AND NOSE CARE
• Should be included in routine hygiene care
• Eyelids should be washed daily
• Ears
• Clean external ear canal and auricles
• Irrigation of ear requires physicians order
• Check hearing aides
• Nose
• Excessive or dryed secretions may impair nasal
  functioning

21
NURSING INTERVENTIONS (cont)

• BED MAKING
• Clean linens promote comfort
• Unoccupied bed
• Occupied bed

22
ASSIGNMENT/DELEGATION OF CARE

• Done by or under supervision of RN
• Nursing Interventions may be assigned/delegated
  to
• LPN
• NA I
• NA II