Science of Music

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Science of Music
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Music vs. Noise

• Music
• Has repetitive beats and rhythms
• Bach
• Little Richard
• WFHS Band

• Noise
• Does not have repetitive patterns or rhythm
• Traffic
• WFHS café
• WFHS hallways

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Remember!

• Sound is a compressional, longitudinal, and
  mechanical (energy of motion) wave
• It requires matter in order for the energy to
  flow
• The denser the matter, the faster and better the
  energy flows it also travels faster in higher
  temperatures
• What makes sound? Vibrations Vibrations
  Vibrations

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Categories of Musical Instruments

• Woodwind
• Brass
• Percussion/Rhythm
• String

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Woodwind

• How do woodwind instruments make sound?
• Air vibrates as it is blown or forced over a reed
  or opening on the instrument

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Woodwinds

• How does it change sound?
• The length and diameter of the pipes changes the
  sound
• Changing the speed of the air can also change the
  sound

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Examples of Woodwind Instruments

• Flute
• Clarinet
• Saxophone
• Bassoon
• Oboe
• Organ
• Piccolo

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Brass Instruments

• How does it make sound?
• Lip vibration or movement causes the sound

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Brass Instruments

• How do Brass instruments change sound?
• By changing lip vibration frequency and force
• By changing the length and diameter of the
  resonance tube

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Examples of Brass Instruments

• Trumpet
• Tuba
• Baritone
• Bugle
• French horn

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Percussion/Rhythm

• How do Percussion instruments make sound?
• The instrument itself vibrates after it is hit or
  struck

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Percussion/Rhythm

• How do percussion instruments change sound?
• By changing the size and shape of the entire
  instrument

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Examples of Percussion/Rhythm Instruments

• Triangle
• Snare drum
• Bass drum
• Tambourine
• Cymbals
• Xylophone
• Marimba

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String Instruments

• How do stringed instruments make sound?
• Strings vibrate to make sound

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String Instruments

• How do stringed instruments change sound?
• The length and diameter of the strings are
  changed to change pitch

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Examples of String Instruments

• Violin
• Harp
• Guitar
• Banjo
• Viola
• Cello
• Fiddle

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Piano?

• So.
• In what category do we place the piano and why?

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Piano?

• Parts of a piano
• Keys
• Resonance chamber
• strings

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Piano?

• How does the piano make sound?
• By striking the strings with a hammer device
  attached to the keys

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Piano?

• Therefore
• The piano is a percussion instrument instead of a
  stringed instrument!

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Consider these other instruments

• Organ
• Electric guitar
• Electronic keyboard
• Pan flute
• Harmonica
• Spoons
• Rain stick
• Accordion
• Bag pipes
• Recorder