SG3_200102_148_3M2_BC.ppt

1
Background

• Gemplus Tag
• has been in the RFID business since 1989.
• has had HF product since 1992.
• has always focussed on reading tags which are
  fast moving and at long range.
• Intellectual property granted
• non-slotted, non-terminating aloha protocol.
• Intellectual property pending
• non-slotted terminating aloha.
• slotted terminating aloha.
• non powered state storage.
• report and use of excitation level in tag.
• low power EAS functions.

2
Basic characteristics

• Tag-slotted, terminating, adaptive round
  protocol.
• Tags contain default round size and reply length
  information.
• Tags choose a slot in which to offer a reply
  within a round.
• The number of slots in a round can be dynamically
  changed by the interrogator to cater for
  expanding and collapsing tag populations. Each
  tag has its own perceived round size and position
  within that round.
• The slot size varies according to the length of
  the tag reply, the start of each slot is under
  the interrogators control.
• After replying, tags automatically retire.
• Tag replies contain an excitation level which
  allows the existence of multiple tags within a
  slot to be identified.
• Tag replies contain a precursor, immune to the
  small signal suppression effect, which allows
  unproductive slots to be abandoned.
• If the received reply in the current slot
  contained an error, this fact is signalled,
  bringing all tags which replied in that slot out
  of retirement. Those tags will reply in a further
  round.

3
Key technical features and benefits

• Unencumbered by extraneous IP.
• Operable in current jurisdictions - ETSI and
  unreformed FCC.
• Multiple tag reading
• elimination of small signal suppression effect.
• linear and time efficient over all practical
  numbers of tags.
• caters for dynamic tag populations.
• efficient under field re-orientation.
• Interrogator to tag signalling
• fast signalling - short commands offered
  frequently.
• highly secure signalling
• hamming distance of 5 on commands.
• long data streams secured by CRC16
• Fast tag replies
• minimal overhead in tag reply
• concept of default tag reply
• optimum sub-carrier frequency choice - fast data
  rate.

4
Improvements / additions over other technology

• Elimination of small signal suppression effect
  through indication of excitation level.
• Does not violate the IP of others.
• Geared to the reality of dynamic tag populations.
• Fast and secure operation in all jurisdictions.
• Ability to abandon unproductive slots.
• empty slots.
• colliding slots.
• Permits efficient field re-orientation and allows
  tag motion through field nulls.

5
Current and intended applications

• Legacy product used in item management
  applications employing high speed conveyors.
• Legacy product used in libraries - high speed
  multiple tag identification.
• book return chute allows only a short opportunity
  of time to read tags.
• Legacy product used in laundries - high speed
  multiple tag identification.
• Intended to be used in item management
  applications where
• large numbers of tags are simultaneously present
• tags move at high speed
• tag orientation is uncertain
• tags move between jurisdictions.

6
Industry groups currently considering
implementation of this proposal

• Libraries.
• Laundries.
• Couriers.
• Warehouse / factory automation.
• Medical specimen handlers.

7
Some Elements of Tag Reading
0
1
m
s
2
m
s
3
m
s
4
m
s
5
m
s
6
m
s
.
.
.
1

t
a
g

i
n

r
o
u
n
d
s
e
l
e
c
t
s

p
o
s
.
6
6
m
s
7
m
s
8
m
s
9
m
s
10
m
s
11
m
s
12
m
s
1 reply in the slot
TEL bits different collision detected
8
Timings
Tag timings Precursor 13 37.74?s 491?s
Precursor/reply gap 230?s Reply (47 bits
overhead, 64 user bits) 2.095ms Interrogator
timings 1 in 16 PPM field 16 14.16?s
227?s Pulse raised cosine period 13.34?s, 11
modulation index. Basic packet 4 fields 4
227?s 908?s -50.5dBc /- 7kHz repetition
period 2.1ms Fast wake up (5) 5 14.16?s
70.8?s -50.5dBc /- 7kHz repetition period
1.2ms Close slot (3) 3 14.16?s
42.5?s -50.5dBc /- 7kHz repetition period
1.1ms Program 32 user bits 3.7ms technology
dependent burn time. -50.5dBc /- 7kHz
repetition period 7ms
9
Interrogator to Tag Dialogue
10
Main reply
11
Tag Reply

• Precursor (slotted adaptive round).
• Protocol (slotted or non-slotted).
• Selection.
• State storage.
• Strength bits (tag to interrogator error
  capability).
• Round size (8 to 1024).
• Specific bit (EAS or other).
• Reply page range.
• User data.
• Serial number optional.

12
Interrogator to Tag Commands

• Signaling is 1 in 16 PPM

13
Basic Pulse
14
Interrogator to Tag Fields

• Special Initial Field (SIF).
• Command.
• SIF 3 fields for basic initial packet.
• 7 bit word, 8 bit CRC with Hamming distance of 5.
• Commands provide channel reports,reply
  management, or round management.
• Command, address, 32 data bits, CRC16.
• Command 14 fields.
• Programming.
• Selection.

15
Slotted, Terminating, Adaptive

• RTF.
• Anti-collision.
• Strength report.
• Tag resumes in response to error signal.
• Tag responds to round management.
• Selectable DBPSK 53kbps or 13.25kbps.
• 32 bit page programming.
• CRC16 in reply.
• Up to 8kb memory.