Psy 352AB Social Psychology

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Psy 352A/BSocial Psychology
.the self.(cont.d.)
principles TO live by!!
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WHY SELF-PRESENT?

• To obtain resources
• to attract retain social support/mates
• to gain material goods
• to gain status (which enables other resources)
• Smooth interactions
• people know what to expect from one another
• all the world is a stage
• To manage self-image
• how others see you how you see yourself

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Instances of Self-presentation

• Goal
• Why
• How

• To appear/to be likable
• to belong (gain goods/status)
• to manage self-image
• express liking for others
• create similarity
• make ourselves physically attractive
• project modesty

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Instances of Self-presentation

• Goal
• Why
• How

• to gain goods/status
• to attract others (form ties/gain mates)

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Instances of Self-presentation

• Goal
• Why
• How

• to gain goods/status
• to manage self-image
• to belong to groups

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When you screw it up
good self-presentation bad impression
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After your failure

• Account giving
• Identity repair

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Perceiving the World
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A Social Cognitive look

• Social Cognition
• process of thinking about ourselves, others,
  and our world
• Social reality is
• People are motivated tacticians
  (Fiske Taylor, 1991)
• to
• to
• to

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Constructing a Personal Reality

• How did the ref miss that call?!
  I saw it all the way up here!
• Self-serving views of own abilities status
• Students perceptions of football games (Hastorf
  Cantril, 1954 Loy Andrews, 1981)
• Other examples
• Political/ethnic wars ( US-Chinese relations)
• judging Presidential debates
• USS Vincennes v. Air Korea shootings
• ? ? ? ?

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Motive To manage the Self- image
...influences how we subsequently perceive events

• Illusory correlation --
• People find evidence of

• Overconfidence --

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Motive To manage the Self- image

• Confirmation bias -
• we actively seek information
• We look to
• related to development
• Belief Perseverance

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Motive To manage the Self- image

• Memory is process of
• Memory of past (attitudes actions) is
• EX relationships seen
• EX belief that past actions

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Motive Conserve effort

• Our goal is to
• adaptive for an information-rich world
• Intuitions
• making judgments without
• information is
• debate
• Cognitive heuristics

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Motive Conserve effort Cognitive Heuristics

• Typically discussed in terms of short-comings
• Availability

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Motive Conserve effort Cognitive Heuristics

• Representativeness

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Motive Conserve effort Cognitive Heuristics

• Ignoring Base-rate Information

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Motive Conserve effort Cognitive Heuristics

• Anchoring Adjustment

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Motive To be accurate

• People CAN be accurate social thinkers
• Attribution theory --
• Heart of attribution is
• internal attributions
• external attributions

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Motive To be accurate

• Commonsense Psychology (Heider, 1958)
• 1. people attempt to understand events
• 2. people believe that environmental personal
  factors are in causing events
• 3. the need for a world leads to more
  attributions to stable personality dispositions
• 4.

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Motive To be accurateAn Attribution Model

• Covariation model (Kelley, 1967 1972)
• when making attributions we use an orderly
  process
• Results Situational or Dispositional attribution
• Distinctiveness
• Consistency
• Consensus