Chapter Five

1
Chapter Five

• Gender

2
Self Efficacy

• Perceived self efficacy types
• Performance and self efficacy
• Effect of self efficacy on interpersonal behavior
• Increases in feeling of efficacy

3
Gender

• Personal identity
• Sex Maleness or femaleness as determine by
  genetic factors present as conception that result
  in anatomical and physiological differences.
• Gender The attributes, behaviors, personality
  characteristics, and expectancies associated with
  a persons biological sex in a given culture.
  Basically everything else associated with an
  individuals sex.

4
Gender Identity

• Gender Identity The par of the self concept
  involving a persons identification as a male or
  female.
• Development of gender identity
• gender consistency

5
Basis of Gender Identity

• Gender Theory
• Sex typing comprehension of the stereotypes
  associated with being a male or female in ones
  culture
• Other children and gender appropriate rules.
• Acquiring gender stereotypes

6
Psychological Androgyny, Masculinity, and
Femininity

• Bem
• Dimensions
• Androgynous Characterized by possessing both
  traditional masculine characteristics and
  traditional feminine ones
• BSRI (Bem Sex-Role Inventory)
• Gender-Role Identification The extent to which
  an individual identifies with the gender
  stereotypes of his or her culture.

7
RECAP

• Sex biological maleness or femaleness
• Gender Ones social categorization as a female
  or a male
• Gender Identity A persons self-perception as a
  male or female
• Gender-role Identification An individuals
  self-reported androgyny, femininity, or
  masculinity.

8
Androgynous Versus Gender-Typed Behavior

• Better to be androgynous or the others?
• Adherence to traditional feminine/ masculine role
  identification
• Extremes of gender-role identification

9
Effects of Gender Roles on Behavior

• Gender role influences
• In the home
• At work
• Expectancies and motivation
• Professionally
• Accomplishments and achievements
• Catching up

10
Why are Traditional Gender Roles Still Powerful?

• Way back when
• Childrens books
• T. V. and movies
• Technology

11
Are Things Changing Beyond Stereotypes?

• Yes
• college students
• stories and movies
• female preference of men

12
Biology, Gender Roles or Both?

• Interpersonal Differences
• testosterone
• Estrogen
• Communication styles (table 5.2)
• Self Perceptions
• Body image differences
• Age
• Weight
• Self Objectification
• Other cultures