Fricatives

1
Fricatives

• /s, z, f, v, h/
• /?, ? , ?, ? /
• http//www.uiowa.edu/acadtech/phonetics/about.htm
  l
• Which are voice?
• Which are anterior?
• Which are continuant?
• Which are coronal?

2
/s, z, f, v, h, ?, ?, ?, ?/distinctive features

• Which are voice?
• Which are anterior?
• Which are continuant?
• Which are coronal?
• Which are strident?
• Which are rounded?
• Which are low?

3
/s, z, f, v, h, ?, ?, ?, ?/placement

• Which are alveolar?
• Which are palatal?
• Which are interdental?
• Which are glottal?
• Which are labiodental?

4
Fricatives

• What is a voiceless labiodental fricative?
• What is a voiced interdental fricative?
• What is a voiced alveolar fricative?
• What is a voiceless palatal fricative?
• What is a voiceless glottal fricative?

5
Distinctive Feature analysis

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal -Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• -Coronal -Lateral
• -Anterior Continuant
• -High -Tense
• Low -Voiced
• -Back -Strident

6
Distinctive Feature analysis

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal -Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• Coronal -Lateral
• Anterior Continuant
• High -Tense
• -Low Voiced
• -Back Strident

7
Phonological processes affecting fricatives

• Weak syllable deletion tennis?
• Final consonant deletion bath?
• Initial consonant deletion horse?
• Cluster reduction stuck?
• Stopping vacuum?
• Assimilation
• Regressive assimilation of stop sick?
• Progressive assimilation of labial bun?

8
/f/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 4.0
• Initial, medial and final positions at 3.0
• Description
• Voiceless labiodental fricative
• Frequency of occurrence
• 15/24 of consonants

9
Distinctive features

• Vocalic Rounded
• Consonantal Distributed
• Sonorant Nasal
• Coronal Lateral
• Anterior Continuant
• High Tense
• Low Voiced
• Back Strident

10
/v/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 8.0
• Initial 6.0, medial 4.0, and final position at
  6.0
• Description
• Voiced labiodental fricative
• Frequency of occurrence
• 14/24 of consonants

11
/T/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 7.0
• Initial, medial and final at 6.0
• Description
• Voiceless interdental fricative
• theta
• Frequency of occurrence
• 20/24 of consonants

12
Distinctive Feature

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal -Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• Coronal -Lateral
• Anterior Continuant
• -High Tense
• -Low -Voiced
• -Back -Strident

13
/D/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 8.0
• Initial at 6.0, medial and final at 7.0
• Description
• Voiced interdental fricative
• eth
• Frequency of occurrence
• 9/24 of consonants

14
/s/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 8.0
• Initial at 4.0, medial at 3.6 and final at 4.6
• Description
• Voiceless alveolar fricative
• Frequency of occurrence
• 5/24 of consonants

15
/z/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 8.0
• Initial at 7.0, medial at 3.6 and final at 7.0
• Description
• Voiced alveolar fricative
• Frequency of occurrence
• 7/24 of consonants

16
Distinctive Features

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal -Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• Coronal -Lateral
• Anterior Continuant
• High -Tense
• -Low Voiced
• -Back Strident

17
/S/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 7.0
• Initial at 4.0, medial at 4.6 and final at 4.0
• Description
• Voiceless palatal fricative
• esh
• Frequency of occurrence
• 21/24 of consonants

18
Distinctive Features

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• Coronal -Lateral
• -Anterior Continuant
• High Tense
• -Low -Voiced
• -Back Strident

19
/Z/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 8.6
• Initial and medial at 7.0 final at 7.0
• Description
• Voiced palatal fricative
• /EZ/
• Frequency of occurrence
• 24/24 of consonants

20
/h/

• Developmental data
• 90 mastery at age 3.0
• Initial and medial at 3.0
• Description
• Voiceless glottal fricative
• Frequency of occurrence
• 13/24 of consonants

21
Distinctive Features

• -Vocalic -Rounded
• Consonantal -Distributed
• -Sonorant -Nasal
• -Coronal -Lateral
• -Anterior Continuant
• -High -Tense
• Low -Voiced
• -Back -Strident
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