Navigation in a Virtual World

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Navigation in a Virtual World

• Date2005/05/18
• Speaker???

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(No Transcript)
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Navigation

• Navigation Wayfinding Travel
• Wayfinding - how a user knows where they are and
  where (and when)they are going
• Travel - how a user move through space (or time)

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Wayfinding

• Goal - help traveler know where they are in
  relationship to their destination and to be able
  to determine a path to arrive there
• Cognitive map
• Mental model of the environment

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Methods of Creating Mental Model

• Divide and conquer - Subregions and routes
  between these regions
• Global network - Lamarks and relationship of
  between subsites with respect to these landmarks
  (remain oriented)
• Progressive expansion - Start with a small region
  and expand outward
• Narrative elaboration - A story of events is
  created including the path taken between events

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Wayfinding Aids

• Path following
• Maps
• Landmarks
• Memorable placenames
• Bread crumbs (leaving trail)
• Compass
• Instrument guidance
• Exocentric view
• Coordinate display and orthogonal grid structure
• Constrained travel

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Path following
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Map - You are here Map
You are here
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Wayfinding Aids

• Landmarks (including audio)
• Memorable placenames
• Bread crumbs (leaving trail) - can be erased

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Compass
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Instrument guidance (GPS)
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Exocentric view
exocentric
egocentric
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Coordinate display and orthogonal grid structure
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Wayfinding Aids

• Constrained travel

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Travel
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Properties of Travel Interface

• Feedback
• Ratcheting
• Bimanual interface
• Manipulation method (direct, physical, virtual,
  agent )
• Constrains
• Frame of reference
• Movement formula (control order and gain)

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Frame of reference
exocentric
egocentric
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Movement formula (control order and gain)
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Classes of Travel Methods

• Physical locomotion
• Ride along
• Towrope (river metaphor)
• Fly-through (walkthrough)
• Pilot-through
• Move the world
• Scale the world
• Put me there
• Orbital viewing

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Physical locomotion
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Spherical View(Physical locomotion)
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Ride along

• Control the scope of the world and can
  participant in the speed manipulation
• Interface is much simpler

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Towrope (river metaphor)
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Fly-through (walkthrough)
Pointer-directed Gaze-directed Dual-handed
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Pilot-through
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Classes of Travel Methods

• Move the world
• Scale the world
• Put me there
• ????

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Orbital viewing
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Travel Though Time

• Two uses of time control
• Peruse a computer simulation of an event
• Re-experience the simulation from multiple
  viewpoint
• Representations of time
• Clock-style - useful for indicating the cyclic
  repetition of a time sequence
• Time bar - done with a line or bar
• Interface techniques for navigation through time
• Animation choreography - key frame
• Emulation of standard VCR controls - play, pause,
  stop, fast forward and so on