Enzyme Structure and Function

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Enzyme Structure and Function
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What Enzymes Do

• High reaction rates
• Milder reaction conditions
• Greater reaction specificity
• Capacity for regulation

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Lowering Activation Energy

• Provide surface and environment
• Orientation of reactants
• Stabilizes transition state
• Forms bonds with substrates

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The Active Site

• On the surface
• Substrate must be compatible with enzyme
• Types of interactions
• Hydrogen bonding
• Electrostatic
• Hydrophobic

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Substrate Specificity
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Catalysis

• Binding
• Lock and Key
• Induced Fit
• Mechanisms
• Acid-Base Catalysis
• Covalent Catalysis
• Metal Ion Catalysis
• Cofactors

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Enzyme Regulation

• Allosteric binding
• Feedback inhibition (animation)
• Covalent Modification
• Phosphorylation

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Michaelis-Menten Kinetics

• Graphs
• KM
• Vmax