Maximizing Commercial Space Transportation with a PublicPrivate Partnership

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Maximizing Commercial Space Transportation with a
Public-Private Partnership

• Space Ops 2006 - Rome
• 20 June 06

Tom Taylor Paper Number AIAA-2006-5883
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Introduction

• Space Budgets never go far enough
• 75 Lunar trip cost is getting to LEO
• New Zealand had similar cost problems
• Public Private Partnerships (PPP) changed it
• Using PPPs in Commercial Space can help
• Examples of the effect help us see the value
• PPPs combines markets with private money
• Mankind moves off planet solves problems

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Basic Public Private Partnerships
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Commercial Transition Plan

• To recover full value from hardware after
  government use by planning in advance
• Military organizations transition fighter planes
  tanks to National Guards, Allies, War Surplus
  others
• Hubble, Skylab, Saturn V, ISS, Orbiter, Delta,
  Atlas, others needed a commercial transition
  plan early
• Only the EELVs reverted to aerospace after
  significant govrn. upgrades cost with small
  private investment by aerospace
• Commercial Transition takes pre-planning,
  affordable space transportation and interested
  private money to become profitable business plans
  for Space Based businesses using govrn. surplus
  hardware

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Basic Structure - PPP

• Agreement with Government Private
• Each benefits in future ways
• Each side brings something
• Results in larger space markets
• Results in stimulation of private capital
• Accelerates space development
• Opens new developments like SSP, Lunar, Beyond

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Shuttle Derived Vehicles PPP

• Side Mount Shuttle Cm Proposed
• Proposed as PPP
• Uses ISS Payloads as existing Bus Plan Market to
  raise private money
• Uses Profits to evolve into a Commercial Vehicle
  Business
• NASA proceeds with existing plans on CEV
• Shuttle Cm becomes commercial transport workhorse
  for Lunar

SHUTTLE Cm
NASA
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Shuttle Cm Public Private Chart
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Why go to the PPP Trouble?

• Medium Cost Testbed
• Future Commercial Hotel
• ET has 580m Invested Transportation Cost - Free
• Business pays Taxes
• Provides Habitation for Workers, Tourists, Others
• Propellant Depot
• Others ET SRB Uses

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What Could be the Result?
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Space Island Groups Concept for a Hotel
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Commerce in LEO

• Large Projects
• Driven Commercially
• Using PPPs
• Using Private Funds
• Making a Profit
• Paying Taxes
• Taking Mankind Along
• International PPPs

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Partial Gravity Facilities

• 8 ea. ETs
• 2 rpm
• Near Lunar Gravity
• Tourists
• Salvaged ETs
• Private Ownership
• Pays taxes
• Expands on Profits

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A Propellant Depot increases our Payload Capacity
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Two Way Highway to the Moon

• Uses a fleet of two new reusable spacecraft - the
  Lunar Lander and the Propellant Transporter.
• Uses a fleet of two new expendable support
  spacecraft - a Payload Dispenser and a Propellant
  Dispenser.
• Uses existing Expendable Launch Vehicles to
  transfer all spacecraft, propellants, and
  payloads from the Earth to LEO.

Propellant Transporter
Lunar Lander
Payload Dispenser
Propellant Dispenser
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First Leg - Commercial EELVs
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Bigger Tankson SDV

• LTS uses Delta IV, Atlas V
• Scaleable to CEV, CLV
• Larger tanks, more effective
• Growth options
• Commercial Lunar Transportation both ways
• Sustainability
• SDV helps evolution to Transport Nodes
• Brings Private Money into Flow

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LTS To Be the Truck Driver

• All we want is to be the truck driver
• Hauling non-critical cargo
• To and from the moon
• Using commercial financing some
• Unglamorous aerospace technology
• At a profit, so we use profits to
• Raise private money to Expand

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Lunar Transportation Systems Inc.

• Has been working for 1 year
• Has invested 500k of private money
• Is interested in developing a commercial lunar
  transportation system
• Initially 800 kg of payload to the lunar surface
• Payload capability from lunar surface to earth
• Evolving to 28,000 kg of payload with Refuel
• After proving the safety and reliability then
  enhance the system to carry people
• Have potential to raise 500 million with proven
  track record

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Enabling Technologies There are six new
technologies that make this Earth - Moon
transportation system possible

• A new autonomous rendezvous and docking system.
• A new autonomous payload transfer system between
  two docked spacecraft in LEO.
• A new robotic spacecraft to spacecraft cryogenic
  propellant tank transfer system.
• A new autonomous propellant tank tapping system.
• A new autonomous Lunar landing system.
• A new autonomous Lunar payload offload system.

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LTS Concept

• Same Basic Frame
• Transfers Cryo Tanks
• Transfers Payloads
• Could be PPP
• Expands on Profits
• Tanks disposable
• Tanks maybe reused later on Moon or cryo

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Commercial Lunar Transport

• 800 kgs early
• Commercial
• Could be a PPP Privately Funded
• Same Startup team as Kistler, SPACEHAB
• Non-Critical Lunar Cargo Business

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One Future Node System
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Autonomous Propellant Tank Transfer Transferring
cryo propellant between big tanks is expensive.

• Transfer Tanks instead of cryo propellants
  using low cost plant robotics at the Depot or
  enroute
• Increase cryo tank life with with Depot storage
• Depots emerge as commercial filling stations
• Dont throw away any 10k/lb mass

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Lunar Transportation

• Transfers Tanks
• Diameter constrained
• Uses SDV hardware for later Transport Nodes
• Unmanned, Scaleable
• Serial entrepreneurs
• Starts small evolves
• Commercial venture
• Privately financed

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LEO as a Shoreline like Node
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LEO is like a ShorelineEarth to LEO
LEO to Moon

• Atmospheric Drag
• TPS required
• Pushes up thru gravity well
• Cargo transfer from a different vehicle
• Commercial cycle
• Like land to water
• Needs harbor

• No atmosphere Drag
• Little TPS required
• No gravity well
• Cargo transfer to a different vehicle
• Not yet commercial
• Logical node
• Commerce emerges
• Needs transportation node

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Nodes as Bases

• LTS suspects a node approach to commercial cargo
  will emerge in sustainable transport market to
  from the Moon
• Nodes will grow with innovation and commerce
  emerging at the nodes by offering services to
  transportation suppliers
• What will a node look like over time What
  Commerce will possibly emerge with PPPs?
• Propellant Cryo storage
• Payload handling
• - Payload storage
• Later tethers, humans, etc
• Payload Vehicle Transportation Enhancement
• Partial gravity for liquid management
• Traffic both direction

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Stage 1 Transportation Node

• Uses LTS discarded mass
• Still Diameter constrained
• SDV hardware emerging
• Unmanned, scaleable
• Entrepreneurs. s
• Evolves into long axis
• Commercial international involving PPP venture
  including public Private

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Rendezvous and Dock - LEO
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Stage 2 Transportation Node

• Adds mass ET
• ET cryo storage
• Tether operations
• Robotics
• Track Truss
• Aft Cargo Carrier
• Tether catches vehicle

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Stage 3 Node as Transport Bases

• 5 ETs 500m lower than other solutions
• A node approach to commercial cargo in the ESMD
  market
• Nodes innovation, market commerce at nodes
• What will a node look like over time what
  commerce?
• Propellant cryo storage
• Payload handling
• ET mass, gravity gradient
• Stable, axis to center moon
• Later tethers, humans, etc
• Commerce includes some habitation volumes
• Logistics storage base

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Bringing the Society Along

• Spread the cost for a bigger space economy
• Increases the voter interest
• Confirms a leader nation position
• Is a technology area where others can follow and
  use the Railroad to the Moon
• Creates a bigger game for all and a bigger space
  economy
• Leads to an energy solution by decreasing
  dependence of foreign oil

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Conclusions on PPPs

• Public Private Partnerships can help
• Stretches Govrn. Space Budgets
• Brings Private Investment
• Accelerate Space Development
• Stimulates Innovation in Hardware Commerce
• Provides Lunar Sustainability Costs Sharing
• Brings Society along with Voter support
• More info www.ncppp.net

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QUESTIONSLunar Transportation Systems, Inc.
(LTS)Thomas C. Taylor, Vice President 3705
Canyon Ridge ArcLas Cruces, NM 88011USAPhone
505-522-2192 505-522-2495 FAX Email
taylorT_at_mac.comwww.lunartransportationsystems.co
mBackup Slides
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Conclusions

• Nodes stimulate commerce on earth
• The moon is on the new trade routes
• Lunar resources needs a 50 year 2 way non-cargo
  system that is sustainable affordable
• Pass Stimulation Legislation for private
  investment commercial space innovation
• Space travel needs to be fun, because there are
  plenty of negatives to overcome
• Space is the economic frontier for the Worlds
  taxpayer and their governments, PPP can help!