SPRAY EQUIPMENT

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SPRAY EQUIPMENT

• Basic Components and Operations

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Purposes

• Used to apply agricultural chemicals
• Spray pressures range from near 0 to over 300
  pounds per square inch (PSI),
• Application rates can vary from less than 1 to
  over 100 gallons per acre (GPA).
• Basic components pump, tank, agitation system,
  flow-control assembly, pressure gauge, and
  distribution system

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Reasons for Calibration

• Intense economic and environmental pressure
  today.
• 60 percent of the applicators were over or under
  applying pesticides by more than 10 percent Four
  out of five sprayers had calibration errors and
  one out of three had mixing errors.
• Equipment should be recalibrated periodically to
  compensate for wear

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Pump and Flow Controls

• A pump must have sufficient capacity to operate a
  hydraulic agitation system
• Supply the necessary volume to the nozzles
• Capacity of at least 25 percent greater than the
  largest volume required by the nozzles
• Pumps should be resistant to corrosion
• There are different pumps for different uses

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Nozzles

• Regulate flow
• Atomize the mixture into droplets
• Disperse the spray in a desirable pattern.
• Best suited for certain purposes Herbicides are
  most effective when applied as droplets Nozzles
  determine the rate at a particular pressure,
  speed, nozzle spacing
• Brass, plastic, nylon, stainless steel, hardened
  stainless steel, and ceramic
• Each nozzle on a sprayer should apply the same
  amount

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Flow Rate

• Function of the orifice size and pressure
• As pressure goes up flow rate increases, but not
  in a one-to-one ratio
• To double the flow rate, you must increase the
  pressure four times

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Nozzle Spray Patterns

• Spray angle and the shape of the pattern
• Angles from 65 to 120 degrees
• Narrow angles produce a more penetrating spray
• Wide-angle nozzles can be mounted closer to the
  target
• Flat fan, Hollow cone Full cone

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http//www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/ageng/machine/ae7
3-1.htmContents

• Use the following website to write the equations
  you will need to calibrate the spray rig

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SPRAYER CALIBRATION

• 1. oz./nozzle/min x no. nozzle oz./bloom/min.
• 2. oz./bloom/min. gals./min (gpm)
• 128 oz. gal.
• 3. gpm x 43560 gpa
• boom width x dist/min
• 4. gals. Tank cap gpa ac/tankload
• 5. ac/tankload x amt. material/ac amt. material
  tankload