Complex Efficiency: Recycling Nickel

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Complex EfficiencyRecycling Nickel

• Nickel is highly recycled
• Nickel recycling is a business
• Nickel recycling is complex
• Nickel recycling statisticsditto
• ..and yes, its being worked on.

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Recycle Rates for Nickel-containing Materials in
Industrial Goods
Percent
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Recycle Rates for Nickel-containing Materials in
Commercial Goods
Percent
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Recycle Rates for Nickel-containing Materials in
Transportation Goods
Percent
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Nickel Recycling Statistics

• When they exist, collecting them is complex
• Durability EOL supply difficult to measure
• Nickel is carried in alloys or plated on other
  metals or plastics statistically unhelpful
• Nickel travels its value promotes internal and
  international material flows
• Existing statistics rarely distinguish between
  new and old scrap

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Nickel in the EU 2000Nickel flows in 000s of MT
New nickel 401 58
Recycled nickel 293 42
Total recycled nickel units 293
Total Ni used 694
New Nickel Used 401
Other Ni scrap, net imports into EU 88
Ni in semi-finished products 605
Ni in process scrap (semi-fabrication) 83
Ni in stainless steel semifab exports 139
Ni in exported products in 2000 82
Ni in EU goods apparent use 340
Ni in fabricator scrap 40
Assumed average life 25 years In 1975 New
nickel used 157 Including scrap Ni units
66 Total Ni used in 1975 223
Use Phase - 25 year average
Ni available in goods at EOL 145
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Ni actually collected at EOL
Ni in exported products in 1975 35
To steel - 32 To copper - 10 To primary Ni
- 4 Total 46
Ni from other EOL sources
Ni units available at EOL 80 Ni units available
for recycle in 2000 142
Dispersed, including to landfill 24
26 from EOL 6 from process scrap
3 from EOL 1 from process scrap
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Summaryand the future

• Qualities of nickel make it ubiquitous in
  society its value makes it continually
  attractive to collect, trade and re-use
• This success means complexity for recycling
  both for collection and for measurement
• NiDI commitment to continuing attention to
  recyclingand openness to new information
• A word on Stocks and Flows Yale University