Industrial Revolution

1
Industrial Revolution Responses (1750-1900)

• Key Terms
• Cottage Industry
• Agricultural Revolution
• Columbian Exchange
• Jethro Tull
• Charles Townsend
• British Advantages
• Chartists
• William Lovett
• Socialism
• Marx Engels

• Intro
• Early Industry
• Women
• Guilds
• Population
• Explosion
• Why?
• Factory System
• British First
• Positives Negatives
• Responses

2
Cottage Industry

• Spinning Wheel
• Women set their own pace made extra money

3
Guilds

• Working Conditions
• Set own pace
• Small, family businesses
• Pride in work

Hatters Making Felt Hats
4
Europes Population Explosion

• 1730 120 million
• 1800 190 million
• 1850 265 million
• 1900 400 million

• Why?
• Decline in death rates
• More food!!!

5
Columbian Exchange Crops
6
Agricultural Revolution

• New crops became available.

• New farming techniques were developed. Two
  leaders were

7
Jethro Tull(1674-1741)

• An English farmer who experimented with farming
  techniques.
• He invented/popularized use of a seed drill
  iron plow

8
Charles Turnip Townsend(1674-1738)

• Pioneered practice of crop rotation use of
  manure.
• Popularized use of alfalfa turnips (as fodder).

9
Impact Of New Crops Techniques

• 1700 80 of pop. farmed
• 1800 40 of pop. farmed AND produced a lot more
  food!

10
British Advantages
The Industrial Revolution began in Britain

• Abundance of natural resources
• Farmland coal iron
• Proximity to sea
• Stable political systeman isolated island
• Colonial Empire-raw materials

11
Positives Of Industrialization
Eiffel Tower (1889)

• Clothing
• Railroads

• Soap Underwear

12
Puffing Billy- Pulled Coal Trains (First Rail
Locomotive in 1804 1832 picture)
13
The Rocket (1829)
Average Speed 14 mph
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Working Conditions
Coal is loaded onto cars
Descending a mine shaft
15
Women Child Laborers
Women workers making brushes in a factory (c.
1884)
Girls hauling coal up ladders (1843)
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Negatives Of Industrialization

• Poor working conditions
• Clock Whistle
• 12-16 hour days (up to 1847)
• Huge factories
• Dangerous
• Alcoholism grew
• Poor living conditions

Cartoon shows exploitation of workers
17
Chartists Union(1830s)
Tactic Expand democracy so workers can be
elected to public office.

• Universal manhood suffrage
• Secret ballot
• Eliminate property qualifications to serve in
  Parliament provide salary for members

William Lovett (1800-1877)
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Socialism

• Public (or government) ownership of all business.
• Redistribute property equally

19
Socialism

• German
• Activist on behalf of Industrial workers
• Co-author of Communist Manifesto

Karl Marx (1818-1883)
20
Socialism

• German
• His family owned factories in London-he became an
  activist for workers
• Co-author of Communist Manifesto

Fredrick Engels (1820-1895)
21
Communist Manifesto(1848)

• Throughout history, all societies have had class
  conflict.
• Those with power (owners) exploit workers.
• Once a country becomes industrialized, workers
  will overthrow owners in a bloody violent
  revolution.
• Result Establishment of society based on
  equality.

22
Industrial Revolution Responses (1750-1900)

• Key Terms
• Cottage Industry
• Agricultural Revolution
• Columbian Exchange
• Jethro Tull
• Charles Townsend
• British Advantages
• Chartists
• William Lovett
• Socialism
• Marx Engels

• Intro
• Early Industry
• Women
• Guilds
• Population
• Explosion
• Why?
• Factory System
• British First
• Positives Negatives
• Responses