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MUSCULAR SYSTEM

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Title: MUSCULAR SYSTEM


1
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
2
Anatomy of Muscle
Fascia (Dense CT) Epimysium
Perimysium Fascicles Endomysium Fibers Sarcole
mma Myofibrils
3
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4
Fascia and Muscle 10x
5
Deep Fascia 100x
6
Muscle Fiber and Myofibrils
7
The Sarcomere
8
A Sarcomere
9
Construction Site
10
Sarcomere
11
The Filaments of Myofibrils
12
Myosin
13
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Steps of Cross-bridge Cycle
  • 1. Attachment of cross-bridge to actin
  • 2. Movement of cross-bridge
  • 3. Detachment of cross-bridge
  • 4. Energizing cross-bridge

15
Step 1
A M-
ADP-Pi A-M-ADP-Pi
16
Step 2
A-M-ADP-Pi A-M ADP Pi
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Step 3
A-M ATP A M-ATP
18
Step 4
A M-ATP A M-ADP-Pi
19
Sliding Filament Theory
20
Whats Needed for Contractions
  • Myosin, crossbridges
  • Actin
  • Tropomyosin
  • Troponin
  • ATP
  • Calcium

21
Contraction of a Sarcomere
22
Shortening of Bands of Sarcomere
23
Motor Unit
24
Neuromuscular Junction
25
Stimulus for Contraction
  • Depolarization of axon
  • Events at neuromuscular junction
  • Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine (Ach)
  • Synaptic cleft
  • Acetylcholinesterase
  • Motor end plate
  • Calcium

26
Energy Sources for Contraction
  • ATP is used during muscle fiber contraction.
  • Produced in mitochondria
  • Creatine phosphate is used to regenerate ATP.
  • Glucose is ultimate source of energy.

27
MUSCLE TWITCH
Threshold stimulus Period of relaxation Latent
period Refractory period Period of
contraction All-or-none response
28
Summation
29
Tetanus
30
Motor Units
Recruitment of motor units to increase strength
of muscle contraction.
31
Isometric Contraction(Muscle Fiber)
32
Isotonic Contraction(Muscle Fiber)
33
Effect of Load on Muscle Contraction
34
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