From Internet to Information Infrastructure

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Chapter 11

• From Internet to Information Infrastructure

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Topics

• Internet Applications Communication and
  Connection
• The Evolving Internet
• Internet2 and the Next Generation Internet
• Internet Issues Ethical and Political Dilemmas
• Internet Everywhere The Invisible Information
  Infrastructure
• Cyberspace The Electronic Frontier

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Internet Applications Communication and
Connection

• Search engines are designed to make it easier to
  find information on the Web.
• web crawlers or spiders --software robots that
  systematically search the web

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Stopping the robots

• Add the following in your HTTP header
• To turn off page indexing
• ltmeta name"robots" content"index,nofollow" gt
• To turn off indexing and following
• ltmeta name"robots" contentnoindex,nofollow" gt
• However the robots may ignore

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Search Engines

• Some search engines use keywords and Boolean
  logic to conduct searches

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Search Engines

• Other search engines allow searches by using a
  hierarchical directory or subject tree

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Some search engines 2003

• All the Web
• AltaVista
• Ask Jeeves
• Excite
• Google
• HotBot
• Lycos
• Yahoo!

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Portals

• Web entry stations that offer quick and easy
  access to a variety of services.
• Consumer portals includes search engines, email
  services, chat rooms, references, news and sports
  headlines, shopping malls and other services
• Corporate portals on intranets serve the
  employees of particular corporations
• Vertical portals are targeted at members of a
  particular industry or economic sector

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Rules of Thumb Working the Web

• Handle URLs with care.
• Get to know your search engines.
• If youre in a hurry, dispense with frills.
• Organize your favorite bookmarks.
• Be selective.

• Protect your privacy.
• Be conscious of cookies.
• Shop with bots.
• Shop smart.
• Remember why youre there.
• Think before you publish.

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Email on the Internet

• What appears on the screen depends on the type of
  Internet connection you have and the mail program
  you use.
• Popular graphical email programs include Eudora,
  Outlook and Netscape Communicator.

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Email on the Internet

• Email formats include
• ASCII text--can be viewed by any mail client
  program
• HTML--displays text formatting, pictures, and
  links to Web pages

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Mailing Lists Network News

• Mailing lists allow you to participate in email
  discussion groups on special-interest topics.
• A newsgroup is a public discussion on a
  particular subject consisting of notes written to
  a central Internet site and redistributed through
  a worldwide newsgroup network called Usenet

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Real-Time Communication

• Users are logged in at the same time.
• Instant Messaging for exchanging instant messages
  with on-line friends and co-workers
• Internet telephony (IP telephony) for
  long-distance toll-free telephone service
• Videoconferencing for two-way meetings

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Rules of Thumb Netiquette

• Say what you mean and say it with care.
• Keep it short and to the point.
• Proofread yours messages.
• Learn the nonverbal language of the Net.
• Keep your cool.
• Dont be a source of spam (Internet junk mail).
• Lurk before you leap.
• Check your FAQs.
• Give something back.

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Push Technology

• The Web was built with pull technologybrowsers
  on client computers pull information from
  server machines.
• Browser asks for information
• With push technology, information is delivered
  automatically to the client computer.
• New product descriptions
• Automatic software upgrades
• Updated news

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Peer-to-Peer and Grid Computing

• Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing - users share music,
  movies, and other files without going through a
  central directory.
• Grid computing - anyone can plug in from anywhere
  and rent processing power and software from
  anywhere on the Net

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Intranets, Extranets and Electronic Commerce

• Intranets are self-contained intra-organizational
  networks that offer email, newsgroups, file
  transfer, Web publishing and other Internet-like
  services.
• Firewalls prevent unauthorized communication and
  secure sensitive internal data

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Intranets, Extranets and Electronic Commerce

• Extranets are private TCP/IP networks designed
  for outside use by customers, clients and
  business partners of the organization.
• electronic data interchange (EDI - a decade-old
  set of specifications for ordering, billing, and
  paying for parts and services over private
  networks

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Intranets, Extranets and Electronic Commerce

• Electronic commerce involves business
  transactions through electronic networks.
• Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce -
  transactions that involve businesses providing
  goods or services to other businesses
• Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce -
  transactions that take place on the Internet,
  rather than an extranet, because consumers dont
  have access to private extranets

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Web Services

• Web services involve new kinds of Web-based
  applications that can be assembled quickly using
  existing software components
• Examples
• plug a shopping-cart component into an existing
  Web site
• design applications that can be accessed through
  a variety of Web-enabled devices

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The Evolving Internet

• Internet2 launched by the government and various
  corporations in 1998 to provide faster network
  communications for universities and research
  institutions.
• Next Generation Internet (NGI), will consist of a
  nationwide web of optical fiber integrated with
  intelligent management software to maintain
  high-speed connections.

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Internet Issues Ethical and Political Dilemmas

• Filtering software to combat inappropriate
  content
• Digital cash to make on-line transactions easier
  and safer
• Encryption software to prevent credit card theft
• Digital signatures to prevent email forgery

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Internet Everywhere The Invisible Information
Infrastructure

• Blurring of the boundaries between the Web and
  interpersonal communication applications
• A variety of Internet appliances, network
  computers, set-top boxes, PDAs, mobile phones,
  and other devices connected to the Internet in
  offices and homes

• In the future, everything with a digital
  heartbeat will be connected to the Internet.
• Scott McNealy, CEO of Sun Microsystems

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What is this?

• Akamai
• AOL vs MSN
• blogs
• eBay
• Google store
• .NET
• Nigerian

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