Man

1
Mans Impact on Environment

• Stream Channels
• Effect of urbanization, damming, agriculture
• Stream Pollution sewerage, refuse
• fish kills Municipalities and Industrial sources
• increase muddiness
• coal mine tailings - sulfuric acid formation
• phosphorus nitrogen (fertilizers/sewerage)
• pesticides, and other industrial chemicals
• thermal pollution
• Eutrophication (Lake Erie)

2
Other Effects

• Ground Water Contamination/Overuse
• Saltwater invasion
• Land subsidence/increased sinkhole formation
• Soil Loss
• Erosion (farm plowing, surface mining)
• Solid Wastes
• Oceans - Oil spills/blowouts
• Atmospheric Pollution

3
Environmental Factors

• Nonrenewable mineral energy resources
• Waste disposal
• Pollution
• Human population exceeding Earths carrying
  capacity

4
Variety of Countries

• Poor non-industrialized
• too many people
• not enough food
• More developed industrialized
• too many people
• depleting resources
• Industrial developed
• polluting faster than environment can recycle

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6
Oil Reserves

• US Strategic Reserves 27-33 days
• US Total Reserves 75-80 days
• US production peaked in 1971 (Hubberts peak -
  predicted in 1956)
• World production predicted
  by some to peak 2004-2008,
  others (EIA/CIA)
  2025-2037

(Campbell and Laherre, Petroconsultants Pty.
Ltd., 1995)
7
Oil Price Effect on the Economy

• Since 1973 every upward spike in real oil prices
  has been followed by a jump in unemployment.

From http//www.globalsecurity.org/military/intro
/oil.htm
8
147 7-08
101 12-3-11
99 11-21-07
96 7-6-11
86 5-3-10
71.93 4-27-06
60 11-27-06
51.61 4-27-05
46.80 11-20-08
9
Economic Predictions

• the current price of oil futures contracts shows
  a steady decline for the next year and beyond
  James D. Hamilton - UC, San Diego (8-11-04)
  http//weber.ucsd.edu/jhamilto/Oil_Aug04.htm
• impending decline in world oil production,
  continuing world population growth, a decline in
  per capita food production, climate change and
  habitat destruction and unsustainable levels of
  United States debt Richard Heinberg (11-04)
  http//www.energybulletin.net/3283.html

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11
Global Warming

• CO2 Greenhouse effect
• 1880 Industrial Revolution - CO2 30, NOx 15,
  Methane 100
• Will triple over next 100 years
• Deforestation - tropics
• 3deg C next 100 yrs effect growing conditions
  rainfall patterns ice cap melting rise 21 cm
  flood threat to 20 million
• Uncertainties in production removal rates

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13
Sustainable Development

• UN Conference on Environment Development (Rio -
  1992) COP3 (Kyoto - 1997) UN Framework Conv.
  (Bonn 2007) COP 15 (Bonn - 2009) Rio20 (2012)
• 6 Billion people gt 7 B next 15 yrs
• Safe/adequate/unpolluted water supplies
• OG/Coal Alternate Energy Resources
• New Mineral Resources
• Balancing Earths systems - understanding
  interactions that have maintained the Earth for
  4.6 Billion years (effects on standard of living
  and consumption)