Discussion Questions

1
Discussion Questions

• CHAPTER 17

2
What technological innovations made the global
domination of the West possible?

• deep-draft, round-hulled sailing ships could
  carry heavy armament
• compass
• cannons metalwork gunpowder
• leads to military advantage over rest of world

3
Describe the early exploration of the world by
the West.

• Portuguese start down coast of Africa
• Spain Americas, Philippines
• Vasco da Gama to India
• Portuguese to Brazil, set up forts in Africa,
  Indonesia, Japan
• Magellan around world
• France, England, Dutch (counter Catholic gains)
• French North America
• British - North America, West Indies
• Dutch Southeast Asia, South Africa
• Trading companies looking for markets

4
What was the Columbian exchange?

• New World crops to rest of world potatoes,
  corn, tobacco, sugar, coffee
• Old World sent horses, cattle, pigs
• disease wiped out 50-80 of native populations
  in Americas, Polynesia
• gives Europeans a chance to dominate populations

5
Define the terms core area dependent zone.

• Core area dominant countries, good economies,
  mercantilism, tariffs, used raw materials from
  dependent zones to manufacture goods and sell
  back to dependent zones
• Dependent Zone produce low cost goods, raw
  materials, human labor, sell to core areas, rely
  on core areas for manufactured goods

6
What areas remained outside the new global
economy prior to 1600? What areas were added in
the 17th century?

• East Asia
• Japan
• Mughal Empire in India
• Ottoman Savid Empires in Southwest Asia
• Russia
• India
• Eastern Europe
• Latin America

7
How did the British French North America differ
from other European colonies?

• religious refugees
• government land grants, recruit settlers
• kept Western civilization, didnt mix with
  Indians (no new cultural groups)
• less treasure seeking more settled
• strongly influenced by European politics, culture

8
What were the results of the creation of a world
economy?

• internal changes within areas
• Africa loss of young people
• India manufacturing decline
• Interactions with Europeans
• Missionary work not always succeed, when it did,
  combine with local religions
• new foodstuffs, increased trade
• expand populations, increase agriculture
• Wests military advantage

9
Discuss the ways that the creation of a global
economy in the 16th 17th centuries differed
from the previous trade networks that had existed
between civilizations.

• dominated by West not East or Islam
• new areas added Africa, Americas
• increase in international trade leads to core
  regions dependent zones
• dependent zones exploited by core regions
• raw materials exported (coercive labor systems)
• dependent on manufactured goods from core regions
• global network enforced by Wests military
  technology especially naval

10
Discuss the reasons allowing the West to
establish its dominance in the global trade
network of the 17th century.

• withdrawal of possible rivals (China, Islamic
  world)
• Ottomans not dedicated to commerce not fully in
  control of regions critical to Islamic trade
  network
• China self-sufficient, withdraws from world trade
  network
• Japan isolates
• West has advantage of population growth,
  technological innovations
• West defeats Ottomans in 16thc.
• China Japan never challenge West