Presents

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• Presents

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Agreements

• Reported Speech

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• FORMS
• PresentgtPast
• Present PerfectgtPast Perfect
• Simple PastgtPast Perfect
• Imperativegt(not)infinitive
• WillgtWould

4

• FORMS
• WouldgtWould
• MaygtMight
• ShallgtShould
• CangtCould

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• FORMS
• Peter My name is Peter.
• . Period
• He (Peter) saidReported Speech
• He (Peter) toldReported Speech
• He said/told his name was Peter.

Present gt Past
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• FORMS
• Peter What is his name?
• ? Question Mark
• He (Peter) askedReported Speech
• He asked what his name was.

Present gt Past
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• IfgtIndirect
• Used for Yes/no questions
• Tina Are you happy today?
• She asked me if Indirect Speech
• She asked me if I was happy.

8

• DirectgtIndirect
• Tip
• You gt I
• This gtThat
• These gtThose
• Now gtThen
• Here gtThere
• Today gtThat day

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• DirectgtIndirect
• Tip
• Yesterday gtThe day before
• Tomorrow gtThe next day
• I gt He, She
• We gtThey
• Me gt Him, Her
• My gt His, Her
• You gt I

10

• Presentgtpast
• Fatima I am buying a gift for my children.
• She said she was buying a gift for her children.

Present continuous
Present continuous gt Past continuous
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• Presentgtpast
• Mike How much money do you have?
• He asked me how much money I had.

Simple Present
Simple Past
Objective Pronoun Used after Verbs and
Prepositions
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• Present PerfectgtPast Perfect
• Tom I have won a lottery jackpot.
• He said he had won a lottery jackpot.
• Melissa I have entered the university.
• She said she had entered the university.

13

• Simple PastgtPast Perfect
• John told me I missed the meeting.
• He told me he had missed the meeting.
• Boss Did you finish the report?
• The boss asked me if I had finished the report.

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• Imperativegt(not) Infinitive
• O verbo say não é usado no reported speech para
  ordens e pedidos.
• Usamos tell ou order.
• The sergeant Keep alert!
• He told us to keep alert!
• Phil Dont rack your brains if you cant find a
  solution.
• He told me not to rack my brains.

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• WillgtWould
• WouldgtWould
• Paul Ill return to Mexico tomorrow.
• He said he would return to Mexico the next day.
• Friends Would you like to spend the weekend
  here?
• They asked me if I would like to spend the
  weekend there.

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• WillgtInfinitive
• We may use the infinitive form to report
  sentences about personal futures intensions
• Mary I will write you back.
• She promised to write me back.

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• MaygtMight
• ShallgtShould
• The man said It may rain.
• The man said it might rain.
• The teacher advised him You shall study.
• The teacher advised him he should study.

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• CangtCould
• The student said I can study later.
• He said (that) he could study later.

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• IfgtIndirect
• Used for Yes/no questions
• Mick Have you ever been abroad?
• He asked me if I had ever been abroad.

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• Optional change
• In some cases the change of the verb tense is
  optional
• Tina I love you.
• She said she loves me.
• Sylvia Youre a brilliant student.
• My mom always says I am a brilliant student.

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• Direct Questions
• Simple question?
• What time is the performance?
• How much does a ticket cost?
• When is the play?

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• Indirect Questions
• ?Affirmative Direct Question?
• Do you knowDirect Question?
• Could you tellDirect Question?
• Can you tellDirect Question?
• I wonderDirect Question.

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• Indirect Questions
• Do you know what time the performance is?
• Can you tell me how much a ticket costs?
• Could you tell him when the play is?

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• Indirect Questions
• If whether
• Is Dr. John coming to the party?
• Direct Question
• Do you know if (whether) Dr. John is coming to
  the party?
• Indirect Question

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• Indirect Questions
• If whether
• Is Dr. John coming to the party?
• Direct Question
• Can you tell me if (whether) Dr. John is coming
  to the party?
• Indirect Question

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• Indirect Questions
• If whether
• Is Dr. John coming to the party?
• Direct Question
• Could you tell me if (whether) Dr. John is coming
  to the party?
• Indirect Question

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• Indirect Questions
• If whether
• Is Dr. John coming to the party?
• Direct Question
• I wonder if (whether) Dr. John is coming to the
  party.
• Indirect Question

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• WH-words
• This questions keep the WH-words
• Why is laughing good for your healthy?
• Direct Question
• I wonder why laughing is good for your healthy.
• Indirect Question

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• Indirect Questions
• If the main verb is in the past, the indirect
  question keeps the past tense.
• Which did you prefer puns or jokes?
• Direct Question
• Did he tell you which he preferred puns or
  jokes?
• Indirect Question

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• Indirect Questions
• If the main verb is in the past, the indirect
  question keeps the past tense.
• Billy, what did you learn today?
• Direct Question
• Billy, can you tell me what you learned today?
• Indirect Question

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