The Scientific Revolution

1
The Scientific Revolution

• ? Revolution
• Spring Semester
• Mrs. Huff

2
What is Science?

• Way of pursuing knowledge
• The earliest scientists were motivated by
  curiosity
• Why did things work the way they did?

3
The Scientific Revolution

• Was a transformation of thinking due to a new
  means of investigation
• DOUBT was essential to this. . .
• Nothing was to be believed unless it could be
  proven by experiment or by mathematical equations

4
Scientific Method

• Method of inquiry that includes carefully
  conducted experiments and mathematical
  calculations to verify the results of these
  repeatable experiments
• This involves the use of making logical
  deductions from self-evident principles

5
Did you know. . .

• No piece of paper can be folded into half more
  than 7 times.
• You can attempt this later. . .

6
Nicolas Copernicus

• Polish Scientist
• Overturned Ptolemys earth-centered (geocentric)
  theory and replaced it with a heliocentric theory
• Wrote On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres

7
Copernicus

• Although he developed this theory, he could not
  test and/or prove his theory and therefore his
  deductions caused little stir at the time

The Sun was Copernicus center of the universe,
encircled by Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, and Saturn.
8
Johannes Kepler

• Was able to prove Copernicus heliocentric theory
  using mathematics
• However, it was so complex, that only
  mathematicians actually understood it, so most
  still didnt pay attention to it.

9

• The king of hearts is the only king without a
  mustache. 

10
Galileo

• Developed the use of the telescope, using that
  discovered that the Earth rotates on an axis,
  this helped to disprove the geocentric theory
• Dialogue on the Two Great Systems of the World
  Caused uproar

11
Galileo and the Church

• His finding contradicted the teachings of the
  Church, and therefore was summoned to Rome as
  part of the Inquisition
• Although he officially renounced his statements,
  he continued his learning into physics mechanics

12
Andreas Vesalius

• Flemish scientist who pioneered the study of
  anatomy
• Wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body
• Used experiments to prove how the human body
  worked

13

• The sentence The quick brown fox jumps over the
  lazy dog, uses every letter in the alphabet.

14
William Harvey

• English physician who used laboratory experiments
  to describe the circulatory system and the role
  of the heart and function of the blood vessels

15
Science Ultimately Triumphs Over the Church
Tradition

• Various orders were developed to spread
  science
• Accademia dei Lincei in Rome, the Royal Society
  in London, and the French Academy of the Sciences
• The development and spread of the printing press
  was also instrumental in the spread of science

16
Rene Descartes

• French Philosopher and Scientist
• He was Jesuit trained and later entered the
  military
• His contribution was to question ALL assumptions
  before you believe something

17
I Think, therefore. . .

• Descartes believed everything should be proven
• Discourse on Human Method
• I think, therefore I am.

18

• Average life span of a major league baseball 7
  pitches

19
Francis Bacon

• Theories must be built on observation and
  repeatable experiments,
• Not just logical deductions from self-evident
  principles

20
Sir Isaac Newton

• The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
• Used knowledge of Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo
• Contained laws of motion and universal
  gravitation to explain how objects moved

21

• Michael Jordan makes more money from Nike
  annually than all of the Nike factory workers in
  Malaysia combined.

22
Other Scientific Discoveries

• Robert Boyle Father of modern Chemistry
• Joseph Priestly discovered the element of
  oxygen
• Antoine Lavoisier named oxygen, disproved that
  fire was an element
• 1700s The Enlightenment

• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz developed Calculus
• Antoni van Leeuwenhoek used microscope to
  discover bacteria
• Robert Hooke identified cells in cork

23
Thank you for your attention. Have a nice day. ?
? ?