NOAA GIFTS Demonstration

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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration Excerpted from GIFTS
Product Assessment Plan P. Menzel May 2002
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The long and winding road from ATS to
ABSEvolving the Geosynchronous Observations of
the Atmosphere
ATS, SMS, VISSR, METEOSAT, VAS, GOES, GAP, GHIS,
GIFTS, ABS Getting Ready for Anticipated
Capabilities
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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration goals are to
establish ground reception site (Wallops with UW
backup) establish seasonal suites of routine
schedules for GIFTS distribute level 1b
radiances in real time to NWP and research
centers via ground com lines distribute derived
product images to NWS FOs in virtual lab archive
all level 1b data and some of the derived
products test NWP assimilation approaches of
radiances and winds study impact of GIFTS images
and derived products on forecasting /
nowcasting at NWS FOs establish ABS utilization
approaches for day one
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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration will engage
NESDIS/ORA to plan/conduct GIFTS science
studies NESDIS/OSD to infuse GIFTS technology in
ABS NESDIS OSDPD to help plan data
distribution NESDIS Coop Insts to develop
algorithms and derived products NWS NCEP to
test GIFTS impact EMC for data assimilation
SPC, AWC, TPC, HPC for derived products FOs
for operational real time utilization NCDC for
archive management
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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration plan includes GIFTS
Level 0 Data Acquisition primary ground
system at Wallops backup at UW
access to full data stream at UW Data and
Metadata Archive some raw data (for NMP
team) initially all Level 0 data (for
NOAA reprocessing to level 1 with improved
algorithms) evolves to Level 1 archive
of golden year at NCDC Real Time Data
Processing Level 0 to Level 1 using
software with real time efficiency provided by
NOAA Level 1 to 2 using algorithms and
software developed by largely at UW/CIMSS
Demonstration of Utility of GIFTS Data and
Products and Distribution to End-Users
participation in cal/val intercomparisons of
radiances and products real time
distribution of GIFTS radiances (compressed or
subset) and winds to EMC for NWP impact studies
real time web access by selected NWS FOs to
multispectral and derived product images of
atmospheric water vapor, stability, cloud
properties, land surface temperatures,
research on SST, volcanic ash, ERB, trace gases
spans winter storms in eastern Pacific (Feb,
Mar), severe storms in Midwest (Apr, May,
Jun, Jul), and hurricanes in Atlantic
(Aug, Sep, Nov) runs 24 hours per day
seven days a week amap during demonstration
year NWP impact research continues with
Australian BofM after drift to Indian Ocean
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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration tasks are Data
reception and processing (OSD/SSEC) Archive
(NCDC/SSEC) Data Compression (OSD/ORA/CIMSS) Algor
ithm development (ORA/CIMSS) Data Assimilation
(EMC/ORA/CIMSS) GIFTS ABS Synergy
(OSD/ORA) Operational Validation (ORA/CIMSS with
NASA) Data Assimilation (EMC/CIMSS) Data
Transmission (OSD) Model Impact Tests
(EMC/ORA/CIMSS) Nowcasting Development
(NWS/CIMSS)
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NOAA GIFTS Demonstration partners and activity
areas are
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Algorithm development will address GOES
products soundings winds cloud properties land
surface products ocean products earth radiation
budget ozone / trace gases / volcanic
ash Derived product images will include 3
layers of moisture and total column atmospheric
stability cloud temperature and phase land
surface temperature diurnal excursions
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Evolution of stability seen in GOES LI DPI
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(12 to 18 UT)
Java animation anigli3m.html
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Evolution of profiles retrieved from the GOES
Sounder
(12 to 18 UT)
Java animation anisks3m.html
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View from space
OK tornado 3 May 99
1800 UTC
View from ground
530 CDT (2330 UTC)
2300 UTC
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GOES axis of high LI indicates subsequent storm
track 24 Jul 2000
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NWS Forecast Office Assessment of GOES Sounder
Total Precipitable Water
Summer 99 Forecaster assessment of usefulness of
changes in hourly TPW product for precipitation
forecast Out of 207 weather cases. - Significant
Positive Impact (21.3) - Slight Positive Impact
(50.2) - No Discernible Impact (27) - Slight
Negative Impact (1) - Significant Negative
Impact (lt1)
Figure from the National Weather Service, Office
of Services
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High Density Winds associated with Hurricane
Bonnie
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Geo Interferometer creates new opportunities for
improved AMVs Simulated Hurricane Bonnie winds
by tracking features in water vapor retrievals
from high spectral resolution IR data
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(1600)
Evolving to more capable Geostationary
Sounders ( of channels)
Advanced Baseline Sounder (operational)
(1600)
GIFTS (experimental)
(18)
GOES Sounder (operational)
ABS is next step after GIFTS on path from low
spectral resolution to high-spectral resolution
operational sounders.
(12)
VAS (experimental)
time
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GOES Sounder Spectral Coverage Current
sounder has 18 infrared bands ABS will have more
than 1600
Higher spectral resolution leads to improved
vertical resolving power.
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GIFTS and ABS use the shortwave side of the
water vapor band.
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These water vapor weighting functions reflect the
radiance sensitivity of the specific channels to
a water vapor change at a specific level
(equivalent to dR/dlnq scaled by dlnp).
Moisture Weighting Functions
Pressure
Weighting Function Amplitude
Wavenumber (cm-1)
UW/CIMSS
The advanced sounder has more and sharper
weighting functions
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ABS LW 650 - 1200 cm-1
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ABS LW 650 - 1200 cm-1
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Current retrieval strategy use all channels in
a regression for first guess then use a sub-set
of channels for physical retrieval
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Simulation of Geo-Interferometer detection of low
level inversion
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ABS vs GOES retrieval for low level temperature
inversion
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Simulated retrieval of low level temperature
inversion
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Significant Findings from Geo-Interferometer
OSSE Geo-Interferometer (Geo-I) sees into
Boundary Layer (BL) providing low level (850 RH)
moisture information Geo-Radiometer (Geo-R) only
offers information above BL (700 RH)
OSSE 12 hr assimilation followed by 12 hr forecast
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Possible Nominal Schedules for GIFTS
Demo General Schedule Every hour 4GS (40 min),
RS (20 min) Winter Pacific Storms Every
hour 3GS (30 min), 3RI (10 min), RS (20
min) Severe Spring Storms Every hour 12RI (40
min), RS (20 min) Atlantic Hurricanes Every
hour 3GS (30 min), 3RI (10 min), RS (20 min)
RI - Regional Imaging over 6,000 km box (at
36 cm-1 res) GI - Global Imaging over
10,000 km box (at 36 cm-1 res) RS - Regional
Sounding over 6,000 km box (at 0.6 cm-1 res) GS -
Global Sounding over 10,000 km box (at 18 cm-1
res) center of coverage for regional scans
adjusted for synoptic situation
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Expectations from the Geo-Interferometer
depicts water vapor as never before by
identifying small scale features of moisture
vertically and horizontally in the atmosphere
tracks atmospheric motions much better by
discriminating more levels of motion and
assigning heights more accurately
characterizes life cycle of clouds (cradle to
grave) and distinguish between ice and water
cloud ( which is very useful for aircraft
routing) and identify cloud particle sizes
(useful for radiative effects of clouds)
measures surface temperatures (land and sea) by
accounting for emissivity effects (the improved
SSTs would be useful for sea level altimetry
applications) distinguishes atmospheric
constituents with improved certainty these
include volcanic ash (useful for aircraft
routing), ozone, and possibly methane plus others
trace gases.