MICRO ORGANISMS

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MICRO - ORGANISMS

• BY
• JACOB CLAY

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WHAT ARE MICRO-ORGANSMS?

• Micro-organisms are tiny creatures that are too
  small to be seen by the naked eye.
• To see them we need to use a high power
  microscope.
• Micro-organisms include bacteria, viruses and
  fungi.

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BACTERIA

• Bacteria are
• Very small.
• Not always harmful.
• Some live on your skin all the time.
• Can make you ill if they multiply inside your
  body.
• There are three types, spirals, rods and spheres.

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BACTERIA
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VIRUSES

• Viruses are smaller than bacteria.
• Difficult to see even with an electron
  microscope.
• They need to invade a cell and use its energy to
  survive.
• Multiply in number quickly.
• Make you ill if they get inside your body.

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VIRUS
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FUNGI

• Yeast is a fungi.
• But mushrooms and toadstools are not
  micro-organisms as they have too many cells.

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YEAST
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HOW ARE MICRO-ORGANISMS SPREAD?

• In air (coughing and sneezing).
• Through contact with animals (bitten or
  scratched).
• Through contaminated food (by eating this food).
• Through touch.
• In water.

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How can micro-organisms be harmful?

• Bad bacteria can enter our bodies by the nose or
  mouth.
• When it enters the blood they multiply every 30
  minutes.
• The outer coating of the bacteria releases
  poisons into the blood.
• Our body will try to fight the bad bacteria with
  white blood cells.

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HOW CAN MICRO-ORGANISMS BE HELPFUL?

• Bacteria helps to make cheese, vinegar and
  yoghurt.
• Bacteria can rot down dead organisms and put
  nutrients in the soil for plants to help them
  grow.
• Yeast helps to make bread and beer.
• Some micro-organisms make medicines such as
  anti-biotic.

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ANTIBIOTICS

• These are substances used by doctors when harmful
  micro-organisms have made you ill.
• Antibiotics harm bacteria by stopping them
  reproducing or breaking down their cell wall.
• Antibiotics do not work on viruses like colds and
  flu.

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WEBSITES USED

• www.meningitis-learning.org
• www.buginvestigator.co.uk