Life in the New South

1
Chapter 13

• Life in the New South
• 13-2

2
Agriculturepg. 249

• After the Civil War many large plantations and
  farms were broken up.
• Owners kept part of their land to farm themselves
  and rented the other part to other farmers.
• Tenant farmers paid cash to rent the land, tended
  it, and kept the harvest.
• Share croppers tended the land and paid rent with
  a portion of the harvest.

3
Agriculturepg. 250

• Overproduction became a problem in North
  Carolina.
• Farmers produced too much of a certain crop and
  got paid very little for it.
• Many farmers had loans with high interest and
  fell into debt.
• Farmers organized and joined groups to help each
  other.
• The most successful was the Farmers Alliance.

4
African American Institutionspg. 250

• Many former slaves left the rural areas and
  migrated to towns and cities.
• They worked as unskilled labor or domestic
  workers.
• Some became skilled at trades such as barbers,
  brickmakers, carpenters, masons, printers, or
  dock workers.

5
African American Institutionspg. 250-251

• Many black churchgoers founded their own
  churches.
• The most common church was the African Methodist
  Episcopal Church (A.M.E)
• Black churches were also used for social,
  political, and spiritual centers.
• The Freedmens Bureau built more than 400
  schools for black students in NC.
• Colleges were also started such as Shaw
  University, Livingstone College, and NC
  Agriculture and Technical State Univ (NC A T).

6
Educationpg. 251

• In 1880 only one third of school age children
  attended school and only for an average of 9
  weeks per year.
• Poverty and North Carolinians dislike for paying
  taxes to support schools were why schools were in
  such poor condition. Education did not improve
  until after 1900.

7
Educationpg. 251

• Colleges were different than public schools and
  many colleges were built during this time.
• Wake Forest and Trinity (to become Duke) in 1866.
• UNC reopened in 1875.
• North Carolina State in 1887. (was called College
  of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts)
• UNC at Greensboro in 1892 (was called State
  Normal and Industrial School for Women).

8
Growing Class Divisionspg. 252

• Politics were still a problem in North Carolina.
• Democratic leaders in the state represented the
  business interests of industrialists and the
  railroads.
• The interests of farmers, laborers, and the
  general public were not considered.
• Many people were poor, in debt, and worked in
  very harsh and dangerous conditions.