What is priming

1
What is priming?
2
Goal directed learning (GDL)
3
visual feature analysis
object identification
retrieval of size knowledge
size comparison
decision output
BIGGER than Shoebox?
4
visual feature analysis
object identification
retrieval of size knowledge
Many theoretical approaches to priming have
postulated changes in knowledge systems that
facilitate subsequent processing.
size comparison
decision output
5
visual feature analysis
The response learning framework postulates a
rapid learning mechanism whereby items become
associated with the previous decisions
6

• RL is likely a form of instance learning that
• has been characterized cognitively by Dr. Logan
  and others.
• The neurophysiology remained unknown.

7
BIGGER than Shoebox?
SAME cue condition
SMALLER than Shoebox?
BIGGER than Shoebox?
INVERTED cue condition
Neuropsychologia, 2005
8
PFC
Novel
Fusiform
Repeat
Same Cue
Inverted Cue
Nature, 2004
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
Same Cue
Inverted Cue
Novel Once Thrice
Novel Once Thrice
amnesics
controls
Neuropsychologia, 2005
12
Phase locked synchrony analysis -PLV
under revision
13
Onset of PLV across subjects predicts facilitated
behavior
14
Surely its not all response learning?
15

• In previous studies, significant behavioral
  facilitation remains even after decision level
  challenges
• perceptual level processes ?
• unchallenged instances?

16

• When processes associated with perceptual
  identification are not repeated there appears to
  be no facilitation that can not be attributed to
  RL

17
Does RL transfer to different visual exemplars?
Priming magnitude (ms) (Novel repeat)
Same Exemplar
Different Exemplar
Same Cue
Inverted Cue
Memory and Cognition, 2007
18
Percent Priming
Same
5-6
4-5
3-4
2-3
Same Decision Cue
Inverted Decision Cue
19

• What if the attentional focus of the learning is
  at the lexical rather than perceptual level?

20
Novel Item
Exemplar Repetition
21
fMRI of visual exemplar RL
Repetition related reductions novelgt4th exemplar
repetition cue same conditions
22
fMRI of visual exemplar RL
Repetition related reductions novelgt4th exemplar
repetition cue switch conditions
23
Preserved perceptual component?
Repetition related reductions novelgt4th exemplar
repetition cue switch conditions lowered
statistical threshold
24
??
Repetition related reductions 4thgtnovel exemplar
repetition cue switch conditions lowered
statistical threshold
25

• Is RL dependent on linkage with a preexisting
  representations?

study
test
same cue
switched cue
26
University of Texas Mithra Sathishkumar Manish
Saggar Duke University Ian Dobbins Harvard
University Daniel Schacter Avniel Ghuman
Memory Disorders Research Center Boston VA and
BU School of Medicine Mieke Verfaellie Margaret
Keane Michael Alexander Ginette LaFleche Lindsay
Nicholls Sarah Davis