Learning Design Language LDL to specify Services

1
Learning Design Language (LDL)to specify
Services

• Christian Martel
• Laurence Vignollet
• Université de Savoie
• and Pentila Corp

2nd TenCompetence Workshop
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Contents

• Introduction
• LDLs Metamodel to scenarize services
• Re-use of the service model in a learning
  scenario
• Implementation in the Learning Design
  Infrastructure (LDI)
• Conclusion future works

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Introduction
4
Scientific works

•  Scenario  Team of University of Savoie in
  collaboration with PENTILA Corp.
• Research topics
• An alternative learning design language LDL
• An operationnalisation and execution
  infrastructure LDI

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LDLs philosophy

• Organising the progression of a cooperative
  learning activity
• Organising participants interactions indicating
  which services will be used
• Observing participants reactions and
  interactions
• Facilitating scenario reusability

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State of the art

• Several learning design languages
• A standard IMS-LD (introduced by R. Koper from
  Open University or The Netherlands)
• LAMS-LD (introduced by J. Dalziel, Macquarie
  University, Australia)
• LDL (University of Savoie, University of
  Grenoble, PENTILA)
• LDL has been created to allow to describe and
  specify learning activities on Internet

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LDLs Metamodel to scenarize the activity
supported by services
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LDL

• Learning Design Language (LDL)
• Based on a theoretical model the participation
  model Martel, 98
• Few concepts
• Roles held by participants
• Interactions between roles
• Arena where (and with which) interactions are
  performed
• Structures to describe the learning flow
• Positions expressed by learners/agents to make
  choice
• Rules on interactions or structures
• Observables as structured trails of activities.

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Meta-model

• LDL conceptual meta-model

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The  planet game  (ws ICALT 2006) (simplified
Activity diagram UML)
Team A
Team B
Teacher
Learner
Classify Planets
Classify Planets
Observe
Evaluate
Complete Map
Team
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The  planet game  (ws ICALT 2006) (LDL analytic
view)

•  

Organizational activity
Learning Activity Team B
Observation Activity Team A
Learning Activity Team A
Learner Teacher
Assessment Activity
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Use of Services in the  planet game

• Each team has
• a 'Chat' to discuss,
• questionnaires to win new clues,
• a collaborative table-pad.
• Teams can negotiate clues discussing in a Forum
  (learning activity).

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Service definition (in the context of this work)

• Software accessible on Internet through a
  standard API,
• Software Application supporting an activity
• Examples
• Forum
• Wikipedia
• Exerciser
• Chat

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Observation limited description of services in LD

• IMS-LD

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Observation limited description of services in LD

• LAMS List of pre-defined services

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Observation limited description of services in LD

• LDL Arena

Takes place in
Arena
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Problem in LD languages services are  black
boxes 

• How to scenarize the use of a service
• Controlling the activity supported by the service
• How to observe what is going on when a service is
  used
• How to adapt the activity taking into account
  users actions

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The new idea Use LDL to scenarize the use of a
service

• LDL allows to scenarize activities
• Services support activities
• Thus, activities supported by services can be
  scenarized using LDL

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Re-use of the service model in a learning scenario
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The new idea Use LDL to scenarize the use of a
service

• Method
• Study existing services describing the typical
  activity supported
• Specify this typical activity with LDL

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The  planet game  (ws ICALT 2006) (LDL analytic
view)

•  

Forum A
Forum B
FORUM Activity
Learning Activity Team B
Learning Activity Team A
N/2
Learner Teacher
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Build the scenario of the forum

•  

FORUM scenario
Forum
FORUM Activity
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Example modelling a Forum by the activity it
supports

• where the activity will take place,
• who are the participants,
• how and when these participants interventions
  will be connected throughout the activity,
• the rules the participants will have to comply
  with,
• what the consequences of the participants
  reactions, actions and points of view on the
  activity will be and how they will be able to
  express these points of view,
• which part of the other participants activity
  the participants and the teacher will be able to
  see (awareness).

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Example Forum Modelling

• The service supports two different activities

moderation
discussion
speaker
moderator
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Example Modelling a Forum

• Definition of the structure of discussion

Add subject
Add intervention
Add comment
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Example Modelling a Forum

• Interactions in Arena

Add comment
Add intervention
R_Start
Add subject
Subject
speaker
speaker
R_Stop
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Example Modelling a Forum

• Interactions in Arena

Add comment
Add subject
R_Start
Intervention
Add intervention
speaker
speaker
R_Stop
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Example Modelling a Forum

• Definition of observables
• Presence of speaker in the Forum
• Number of interventions to moderate
• Last intervention
• ...

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Result

• It is possible to scenarize in LDL the activity
  supported by a service.
• The scenarization of the activity supported by a
  service can be integrated into an educational
  scenario as the Planet Game
• case study proposed during the ICALT2006
  workshop Vignollet al, 2006 for comparing
  Educational Modeling Languages. The solution of
  the case study using LDL is presented in Martel
  al, 2006b.

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Concept of  Use_pattern  in LDL
Planet Game
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Relations between scenarios in LDL
1 re-uses 2
2
3 launches 2 4
Forum
4 sees 1
re-use
Learning
1
see
launch
Observation
Organisation
launch
3
4
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Implementation in Learning Design Infrastructure
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Learning scenario life-cycle
cycle
Conception
Operationnalise
Execute
LD
workspace
infrastructure
tools
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Operationnalisation of the model of a service in
LDI
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Operationnalisation of the model of a service in
LDI
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Conclusions and future works

• Proposed solution re-using LDL to specify the
  activity supported by a service.
• Current Work Automatisation by construction of
  the correspondences between the LDL concepts used
  to specify the activity, and the APIs of the
  service which could mediate the specified
  activity.

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More info
ld.pentila.com
Pentila is member of