Infections and Autoimmunity

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Infections and Autoimmunity
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• Autoimmunity and Epitope Mimicry by Microbes
• Association between infection and autoimmune
  disease
• Microbial and Host epitopes identified
• Cross reactive T cells significant component of
  the Immune Response to Infection (or antibody)
• Requirement for both microbial and host
  epitopes in the development of disease
• Cross reactive T (or B or antibody) cells can
  provoke disease

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Streptococcus pyogenes
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Streptococcus Pyogenes Range of Infection
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Rheumatic Fever Valvulitis
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Rheumatic Fever Mitral Stenosis
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Rheumatic Fever Aschoff Body
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Rheumatic Fever Cross Reactive Antibody
Recognises Myocardium
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M proteins and T Cell Proliferation
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T cells from myocardium proliferate to
Streptococcal Epitopes
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Rheumatic Fever Cross Reactive Epitopes
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Rheumatic Fever Cross Reactive Epitopes
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Rheumatic Fever TissueDamage
Throat
Heart
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Sydenhams Chorea
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Monoclonal Antibodies from Patient with
Sydenhams Chorea React with N-acetyl--D-glucosami
ne
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Binding of Sydenhams Chorea Antibodies
to Neuronal Tissue
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Activation of CaM II By Sydenhams Chorea
Antibodies
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Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis

• 1 to 4 weeks following Streptococcal Infection
• Blood in urine
• High blood pressure
• Inflammation in glomerulus
• Renal Failure

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Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis M Type
Associations
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Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis Role of
Streptococcal GAPDH as a Plasmin Binder