Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns

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Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns!!!

• Profa. McKissick

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Direct Object Pronouns
Remember lo, la, los, las from the beginning of
the year? Well, theyre back!! A direct object is
receiving the DIRECT action of the VERB. A direct
object pronoun REPLACES a direct object.
NOTICE that it substitutes the ball. John
throws the ball.------ John throws it.
(direct object) (direct
object pronoun)
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Direct Object Pronouns
Now, not only are we using DO pronouns for
THINGS but we are using them for PEOPLE!! For
example Lucy called YOU.
Laura needs ME. Notice that
YOU and ME are the direct object of the
action called and needs.
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How do we know its a DO?
We know its the direct object pronoun of the
verb if We can ask the question who or
what. For example Who did Lucy call?
Lucy called YOU.
Who does Laura
want? Laura wants ME.
What does John throw?
John throws the ball.

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Direct Object Pronouns
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En español

• In Spanish, the DO pronoun goes BEFORE the verb.
  
• I need you---- Yo te necesito.
• Yo quiero las manzanas--- Yo las quiero.
• They hear us.----- Ellos nos oyen.
• My mom woke me up.---- Mi mamá me despertó.

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Práctica
1. Yo quiero los perros.
Yo _____ quiero.
los
la
2. Mi madre comió una manzana.
Mi madre ____ comió.
te
3. She waits for you.
Ella _____ espera.
4. We need her.
Nosotros _____ necesitamos.
la
Ellos no _____ escuchan.
me
5. They dont listen to me.
lo
6. I dont know him.
Yo no ____ conozco.
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Mandatos y infinitivos
With an affirmative command, the DO pronoun is
attached to the END of the verb. With a
negative command, the DO pronoun goes BEFORE the
verb. For example Put it (the book) on the
table! Ponlo en la mesa!
Dont eat it (the apple)!
--- No la comas!
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Mandatos y infinitivos
When two verbs are together, the second one stays
in the INFINITIVE. The direct object pronoun can
either go BEFORE the first verb or AFTER and
ATTACHED TO the second. For example You need
to buy them (the apples).
Tú necesitas comprarlas.
or Tú
las necesitas comprar.
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Práctica
1. Apaga las luces!
Apága____!
las
lo
2.
No ____ toques!
No toques el piano!
3. Abre la puerta!
Ábre___!
la
4. Nosotros queremos hacer el pan.
Nosotros queremeos hacer_____.
lo
5. Mario tiene que preparar la cena.
la
Mario tiene que preparar_____.
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Fin Parte 1
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Indirect Object Pronouns
An indirect object tells us WHERE the direct
object is going. The indirect object pronoun
answers the question to whom? or for whom?
the action is performed. For example He
gives the book to Maria. (direct
object) (indirect object) To whom does he give
the book? To Maria!
Also, sentences with an indirect object will
usually have a direct object as well.
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Indirect Object Pronouns
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En español
The indirect object pronoun goes BEFORE the verb.
Juan buys a gift for me.---- Juan me compra un
regalo. The teacher explains the problem to us.
La maestra nos explica el problema.
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En español
In Spanish le and les are ambiguous. So, to
be sure who le and les are, we add on a
prepositional phrase at the end to Juana and
to their parents. Mi madre le escribe (una
carta) a Juana. Los niños siempre les dicen la
verdad a sus padres.
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Práctica

• My dad reads a book to me.
• Mi papá _____ lee un libro.

me

• My friend lends money to us.
• Mi amigo ______ presta dinero.

nos

• The waiter serves dinner to them.
• El mesero _____ sirve la cena.

les
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Direct Objects Implied
Sometimes, a direct object is not stated in the
sentence with the indirect object pronoun. For
example My mom writes to him every week.
Where is the direct object? Its implied!!!
If we ask the question, What does she write
him every week?, it couldnt be a person, it has
to be an object like a letter or an email. My
mom writes (an email) to him every week.
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Verbs that often take DO IO
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Fin Parte 2
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Direct Indirect Object PronounsTOGETHER!
So, weve done DO pronouns by themselves and IO
pronouns by themselves. Now, how do we put
them together?
Lets take the sentence Alicia gives a gift to
me. Alicia me da un regalo a mi. What if we
want to say, Alicia gives it to me?
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Do the shift
Alicia me da un regalo a mi.
lo
1. Change un regalo to lo

• Next, lo and da exchange
• places.

Alicia me lo da a mi.
The DO pronoun goes directly before the verb and
the IO pronoun goes before the DO pronoun.
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Animated example
Alicia
me
da
un regalo
a mi.
lo
Alicia me lo da a mi. Alicia gives it to me.
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You cant le lo, you gotta se lo.
If you use the indirect object pronoun le or
les with a direct object pronoun, change the IO
pronoun to se. For example I read the book
to her. Yo se lo leí. NOT Yo le lo leí.
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Práctica
1. La maestra nos enseña la lección.
La maestra
nos
la
enseña.
2.
Norma le escribe una carta a Rogelio.
Norma
se
la
escribe a Rogelio.
3. Los estudiantes me dijeron un chiste.
Los estudiantes
me
lo
dijeron.
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Más práctica
4. El hombre les vendió los boletos a mis padres.
El hombre
se
los
vendió a mis padres.
5. Yo le pido un café a la barrista.
Yo
se
lo
pido.
6. Mi padre te lee un libro.
Mi padre
te
lo
lee.
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Mandatos
When a mandato has a DO pronoun and an
IO pronoun, the IO is attached to the end of the
verb and the DO pronoun is attached to the IO
pronoun. Give me the apples! Dame las
manzanas Dámelas!
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El fin